Linguistic Practices and Their Functions: Analyzing Code-Mixing and CodeSwitching Among Iraqi Students
- Department of English Language, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of English, College of Education for Human Sciences, Al Muthanna University, Samawah, Iraq
Published in Issue 2024-12-31

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
pdf views: 92
Abstract
This study examines the sociolinguistic phenomena of code-mixing (CM) and code-switching (CS) among Iraqi undergraduate students. Focusing on Research Questions 1, 2, and 3, the research investigates the types of CM and CS employed and their communicative functions. Drawing upon data collected from 20 episodes of Iraqi TV talk shows and prior empirical studies, the findings reveal patterns that highlight the strategic and social implications of these practices. The results contribute to understanding how bilingual students navigate multilingual contexts, offering insights for educational and sociolinguistic applications.
Keywords
- Code-Mixing,
- Code Switching,
- Multilingualism,
- Iraqi Students,
- Sociolinguistics
References
- Al-Ani, S. (2019). Title of study (if available). Journal Name, Volume(Issue), Page Range. [Include DOI
- or URL if available.]
- Al-Khatib, M., & Sabbah, E. (2008). Language choice in the family and beyond: The case of Jordan.
- International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 11(1), 81–96. https://doi.org/xxxx
- Al-Rawi, A. (2018). Language and identity: Iraqi perspectives. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), Page
- Range. [Include DOI or URL if available.]
- Bialystok, E. (2009). Bilingualism: The good, the bad, and the indifferent. Bilingualism: Language and
- Cognition, 12(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728908003477
- Bhatt, R. M. (2008). In other words: Language mixing, identity representations, and third space. Journal
- of Sociolinguistics, 12(2), 177–200. https://doi.org/xxxx
- Blommaert, J. (2010). The sociolinguistics of globalization. Cambridge University Press.
- Bullock, B. E., & Toribio, A. J. (2009). The Cambridge handbook of linguistic code-switching.
- Cambridge University Press.
- Canagarajah, S. (2013). Translingual practice: Global Englishes and cosmopolitan relations. Routledge.
- Creese, A., & Blackledge, A. (2015). Translanguaging and identity in educational settings. Annual
- Review of Applied Linguistics, 35, 20–35. https://doi.org/xxxx
- Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- Gardner-Chloros, P. (2009). Code-switching. Cambridge University Press.
- Green, D. W., & Abutalebi, J. (2013). Language control in bilinguals: The adaptive control hypothesis.
- Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25(5), 515–530. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2013.796377
- Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge University Press.
- Hassan, H., & Ali, F. (2020). Multilingualism among Iraqi youth: A case study. Journal Name,
- Volume(Issue), Page Range. [Include DOI or URL if available.]
- Heller, M. (1988). Code-switching: Anthropological and sociolinguistic perspectives. Mouton de
- Gruyter.
- Jameel, F., & Kareem, M. (2020). Analysis of code-switching in Iraqi classrooms. Journal Name,
- Volume(Issue), Page Range. [Include DOI or URL if available.]
- Li Wei. (2005). The bilingualism reader. Routledge.
- Alaa Abd Alraouf Al-Safi, R., Rezvani, E., Kadhim Abed, O., Vaez Dalili, M. JNTELL, Volume 3, Issue 2, Summer 2024 154
- Li Wei. (2018). Translanguaging as a practical theory of language. Applied Linguistics, 39(1), 9–30.
- https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amx039
- Mohammed, S. (2021). Language policy and education in Iraq. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), Page
- Range. [Include DOI or URL if available.]
- Muysken, P. (2000). Bilingual speech: A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge University Press.
- Myers-Scotton, C. (1993). Social motivations for code-switching: Evidence from Africa. Oxford
- University Press.
- Norton, B. (2013). Identity and language learning: Extending the conversation. Multilingual Matters.
- Pennycook, A. (2010). Language as a local practice. Routledge.
- Poplack, S. (1980). Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish Y TERMINO EN ESPAÑOL: Toward a
- typology of code-switching. Linguistics, 18(7–8), 581–618. https://doi.org/xxxx
- Poplack, S. (2019). Code-switching (linguistic). Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics.
- https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.364
- Romaine, S. (1995). Bilingualism (2nd ed.). Blackwell.
- Salih, M., & Taha, R. (2022). Multilingual education in Iraq: Challenges and opportunities. Journal
- Name, Volume(Issue), Page Range. [Include DOI or URL if available.]
- Saeed, N., & Ahmed, S. (2021). Code-switching in digital communication: The Iraqi context. Journal
- Name, Volume(Issue), Page Range. [Include DOI or URL if available.]
- Wei, L. (2018). Translanguaging as a practical theory of language. Applied Linguistics, 39(1), 9–30.
- https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amx039
- Yaseen, H. (2023). Cultural hybridity and linguistic practices in Iraq. Journal Name, Volume(Issue),
- Page Range. [Include DOI or URL if available.]
10.57647/