Feeding of dried sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel on humoral immune response of broiler chickens

Authors

• Z. Pourhossein ¹
• A. Qotbi ¹
• A. Seidavi ²
• V. Laudadio ³
• D. Mazzei ³
• V. Tufarelli ³

1. Young Researchers and Elites Club, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
2. Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
3. Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Study of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy

Abstract

Purpose An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dried sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel (DCSP) on humoral immune response of broiler chickens.
Methods Four hundred 1-day-old Ross 308 broilers were distributed according to a completely randomized design into five treatments with four replicates of 20 chicks each. The following five dietary treatments were applied: control group with 0% DCSP; diet containing 1.5% DCSP from 1 to 21 days of age (starter phase) and from 1 to 42 days of age, respectively; and diet containing 3% DCSP from 1 to 21 days of age (starter phase) and from 1 to 42 days of age, respectively.
Results The DCSP treatments influenced positively total anti-SRBC and IgG titers on days 28 and 42, whereas no differences were found for IgM titer. The anti-NDV titers were not affected by diets; conversely, the anti-AIV titers were different among treatments. The anti-IBD titers were different on days 14 and 42 among diets, whereas anti-IBV titers were not influenced by treatments. Average white blood cell, heterophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts, as well as heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, were different among treatments.
Conclusion The findings suggested that the dietary inclusion of dried Citrus sinensis promoted some effects on the immune humoral response of chickens; however, these effects were not completely effective to protect birds from the main diseases.

Keywords

• Immunity
• Nutrition
• Citrus sinensis 
• Broiler