10.57647/ijrowa-9ggb-4114

Effect of vermicomposting plant residues on phytochemical properties of Zarrin-giah (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss.)

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  • Maedeh Bohlouli1,
  • Hossein Ali Asadi-Gharneh*1,
  • Elham Chavoshi2,
  • Nafiseh Zamindar3,
  1. Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
  2. Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
  3. Department of Food Science and Technology, Collage of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Received: 2024-01-27

Revised: 2024-04-14

Accepted: 2024-06-23

Published in Issue 2024-08-10

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Bohlouli, M., Asadi-Gharneh, H. A., Chavoshi, E., & Zamindar, N. (2024). Effect of vermicomposting plant residues on phytochemical properties of Zarrin-giah (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss.). International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.57647/ijrowa-9ggb-4114
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Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate whether vermicompost production from various plant residuals could improve the biomass and essential oil properties of Zarrin-giah (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss.).

Method: In this experiment, different types of vermicompost were prepared from five residual biomasses of chamomile, madder, licorice, valerian, and pistachio with cow dung and Eisenia fetida worms. Subsequently, Zarrin-giah plants were treated with 0, 10%, and, 20% of vermicompost. After 176 days, plants were harvested, and the influence of treatments on Zarrin-giah biomass and phytochemical properties was evaluated.

Results: The use of vermicompost improved plant biomass and phytochemical traits. The highest Zarrin-giah essential oil contents were noted with 20% vermicompost derived from madder and pistachio waste. Neral, α-pinene, geranial, geranyl acetate, and limonene were identified as the main chemical compounds, with the best results observed at 10% vermicompost amendment. Samples amended with 10% and 20% vermicompost from pistachio waste and 10% vermicompost from valerian waste had the highest antioxidant activity (displaying the lowest IC50 values of 19.29, 19.26, and 20.25 μg/mL, respectively). Vermicompost derived from licorice waste improved Zarrin-giah biomass, with yields of 29.05 and 27.93 g/plant at 20% and 10%, respectively. Moreover, significant differences in substrate nutrient recycling and electrical conductivity were observed among various treatments.

Conclusion: High electrical conductivity levels indicate a salinity issue in vermicomposts derived from pistachio and madder waste. Nonetheless, these treatments positively affected substrates, enhancing the antioxidant activity and essential oil content of the medicinal plant Zarrin-giah, which were the primary objectives of this research.

Highlights: 
  • High electrical conductivity in vermicompost increases the chemical compounds in Zarrin-giah
  • Vermicompost of different plant residues improve Zarrin-giah phytochemical properties.
  • Limonene, a-Pinene, Neral, Geranial and Geranyl acetate were identified as important compounds.
  • Vermicompost of licorice waste in all stages support the Zarrin-giah biomass
  • There is a direct relationship between Essential oil content and Zarrin-giah biomass.
  • Zarrin-giah is a native Iran's plant and it is in extinction.

Keywords

  • Essential oil,
  • Macro-element,
  • Medicinal plant,
  • Salinity,
  • Secondary metabolites
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