10.57647/pibm.2025.17311

Biological Esophageal Stents: Types, Material Innovations, Clinical Applications, and Performance for Treating Burn Injuries in Biomedical Application

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  • Reza Barbaz Isfahani*1,
  • Peiman Nasri2,3,
  • Amirsalar Khandan4,
  • Azadeh Asefnejad5,
  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
  2. Metabolic Liver Disease Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  3. Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  4. Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,
  5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2025-01-16

Revised: 2025-02-23

Accepted: 2025-03-10

Published in Issue 2026-03-30

Copyright (c) 2025 Reza Barbaz Isfahani, Peiman Nasri, Amirsalar Khandan, Azadeh Asefnejad (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Barbaz Isfahani, R., Nasri, P., Khandan, A., & Asefnejad, A. (2026). Biological Esophageal Stents: Types, Material Innovations, Clinical Applications, and Performance for Treating Burn Injuries in Biomedical Application. Progress in Biomaterials, 14(01). https://doi.org/10.57647/pibm.2025.17311
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Abstract

The management of pediatric burn injuries involving exposure to acidic solutions poses significant challenges, particularly when they result in esophageal injury requiring intervention. Esophageal stenting has emerged as a valuable treatment option for children with acid-induced esophageal injury, offering a minimally invasive approach to reduce strictures, improve dysphagia, and increase overall quality of life. However, selecting esophageal stents (ES) tailored to the unique needs of pediatric patients is a critical consideration in optimizing treatment outcomes. ES have emerged as critical medical devices in the management of esophageal injuries, particularly in children suffering from acid burns. This article evaluates ES for pediatric acid-induced corrosive injuries, focusing on type-specific efficacy, material properties, stent selection criteria, and clinical outcomes. Mechanisms of stricture prevention, healing promotion, and complication mitigation in children are analyzed, emphasizing innovations in biodegradable materials and anti-migration designs. Recent outcome data (2019–2024) from pediatric case series are synthesized, highlighting challenges like migration and tissue hyperplasia. Advanced fabrication techniques, including self-expanding metallic stents and biodegradable materials, are discussed in light of their efficacy and safety. In addition, this review explores innovative designs tailored to pediatric patients and provides insights into future directions for improving outcomes. The study concludes with future directions for stent technology tailored to pediatric anatomy. By evaluating of ES, this study serves as a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers seeking to optimize the treatment of esophageal injuries in children.

Keywords

  • Metallic Stent,
  • Material Innovations,
  • Corrosive Esophageal Burn,
  • Acidic Solutions,
  • Materials Technology
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