10.1007/s40204-014-0024-9

Can anodised zirconium implants stimulate bone formation? Preliminary study in rat model

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  • Maria R. Katunar*1,
  • Andrea Gomez Sanchez1,
  • Josefina Ballarre1,
  • Matias Baca2,
  • Carlos Vottola2,
  • Juan C. Orellano2,
  • Hanna Schell3,
  • Gustavo Duffo4,
  • Silvia Cere1,
  1. Corrosion Division, INTEMA, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Mar del Plata, B7608FDQ, AR
  2. Traumatologia y Ortopedia, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos “Oscar Alende”, Mar del Plata, AR
  3. Center of Muskuloeskeletal Surgery, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, D-13353, DE
  4. Departamento de Materiales, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, AR Universidad Nacional de Gral. San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, AR
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Published in Issue 2014-06-11

How to Cite

Katunar, M. R., Gomez Sanchez, A., Ballarre, J., Baca, M., Vottola, C., Orellano, J. C., Schell, H., Duffo, G., & Cere, S. (2014). Can anodised zirconium implants stimulate bone formation? Preliminary study in rat model. Progress in Biomaterials, 3(1 (June 2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40204-014-0024-9
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Abstract

Abstract The mechanical properties and good biocompatibility of zirconium and some of its alloys make these materials good candidates for biomedical applications. The attractive in vivo performance of zirconium is mainly due to the presence of a protective oxide layer. In this preliminary study, the surface of pure zirconium modified by anodisation in acidic media at low potentials to enhance its barrier protection given by the oxides and osseointegration. Bare, commercially pure zirconium cylinders were compared to samples anodised at 30 V through electrochemical tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For both conditions, in vivo tests were performed in a rat tibial osteotomy model. The histological features and fluorochrome-labelling changes of newly bone formed around the implants were evaluated on the non-decalcified sections 63 days after surgery. Electrochemical tests and SEM images show that the anodisation treatment increases the barrier effect over the material and the in vivo tests show continuous newly formed bone around the implant with a different amount of osteocytes in their lacunae depending on the region. There was no significant change in bone thickness around either kind of implant but the anodised samples had a significantly higher mineral apposition, suggesting that the anodisation treatment stimulates and assists the osseointegration process. We conclude that anodisation treatment at 30 V can stimulate the implant fixation in a rat model, making zirconium a strong candidate material for permanent implants.

Keywords

  • Orthopaedic implant,
  • Osseointegration,
  • Zirconium,
  • Anodisation,
  • In vivo model
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