10.1007/s40204-020-00139-y

Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery

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  • Elena Lagreca1,
  • Valentina Onesto1,
  • Concetta Di Natale2,
  • Sara La Manna3,
  • Paolo Antonio Netti4,
  • Raffaele Vecchione*2,
  1. Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, 80125, IT
  2. Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, 80125, IT Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, Naples, 80125, IT
  3. Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, 80134, IT
  4. Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, 80125, IT Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, Naples, 80125, IT Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80125, IT
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Published in Issue 2020-10-15

How to Cite

Lagreca, E., Onesto, V., Di Natale, C., La Manna, S., Netti, P. A., & Vecchione, R. (2020). Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery. Progress in Biomaterials, 9(4 (December 2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40204-020-00139-y
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Abstract

Abstract Polymeric microparticles (MPs) are recognized as very popular carriers to increase the bioavailability and bio-distribution of both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. Among different kinds of polymers, poly-(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most accepted materials for this purpose, because of its biodegradability (due to the presence of ester linkages that are degraded by hydrolysis in aqueous environments) and safety (PLGA is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound). Moreover, its biodegradability depends on the number of glycolide units present in the structure, indeed, lower glycol content results in an increased degradation time and conversely a higher monomer unit number results in a decreased time. Due to this feature, it is possible to design and fabricate MPs with a programmable and time-controlled drug release. Many approaches and procedures can be used to prepare MPs. The chosen fabrication methodology influences size, stability, entrapment efficiency, and MPs release kinetics. For example, lipophilic drugs as chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin), anti-inflammatory non-steroidal (indomethacin), and nutraceuticals (curcumin) were successfully encapsulated in MPs prepared by single emulsion technique, while water-soluble compounds, such as aptamer, peptides and proteins, involved the use of double emulsion systems to provide a hydrophilic compartment and prevent molecular degradation. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview about the preparation and characterization of drug-loaded PLGA MPs obtained by single, double emulsion and microfluidic techniques, and their current applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Graphic abstract

Keywords

  • PLGA MPs,
  • Double emulsion,
  • Single emulsion,
  • Drug encapsulation,
  • Drug release
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