10.1007/s40204-020-00130-7

Fabrication of a novel hydroxyapatite/polyether ether ketone surface nanocomposite via friction stir processing for orthopedic and dental applications

  • Davood Almasi1,
  • Woei Jye Lau2,
  • Sajad Rasaee*3,
  • Roohollah Sharifi1,
  • Hamid Reza Mozaffari4,
  1. Department of Endodontic, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR
  2. School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, 81310, MY
  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Energy, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, IR
  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, IR

Published in Issue 2020-05-03

How to Cite

Almasi, D., Lau, W. J., Rasaee, S., Sharifi, R., & Mozaffari, H. R. (2020). Fabrication of a novel hydroxyapatite/polyether ether ketone surface nanocomposite via friction stir processing for orthopedic and dental applications. Progress in Biomaterials, 9(1-2 (June 2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40204-020-00130-7
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Abstract

Abstract There is increasing interest in the use of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) for orthopedic and dental implant applications due to its elastic modulus (close to that of bone), biocompatibility and radiolucent properties. However, PEEK is still categorized as bioinert owing to its low integration with surrounding tissues. Methods such as depositing hydroxyapatite (HA) onto the PEEK surface could increase its bioactivity. However, depositing HA without damaging the PEEK substrate is still required further investigation. Friction stir processing is a solid-state processing method that is widely used for composite substrate fabrication. In this study, a pinless tool was used to fabricate a HA/PEEK surface nanocomposite for orthopedic and dental applications. Microscopical images of the modified substrate confirmed homogenous distribution of the HA on the surface of the PEEK. The resultant HA/PEEK surface nanocomposites demonstrated improved surface hydrophilicity coupled with better apatite formation capacity (as shown in the simulated body fluid) in comparison to the pristine PEEK, making the newly developed material more suitable for biomedical application. This surface deposition method that is carried out at low temperature would not damage the PEEK substrate and thus could be a good alternative for existing commercial methods for PEEK surface modification.

Keywords

  • PEEK,
  • Hydroxyapatite,
  • FSP,
  • Nanocomposite,
  • Pin-less tool,
  • Bioactivity

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