AbstractLangmuir probe measurements are performed in cylindrical dc glow discharge plasma. Plasma was generated in an evacuated glass tube, with circular plane disk electrodes. Measurements were carried out at different points along the axis of tube for different working pressures of pure argon and mixture of argon–oxygen gasses to obtain the plasma density and temperature […]
AbstractThe relativistic Dirac equation under spin symmetry is investigated for generalized Morse potential. We calculated the eigenvalues and the corresponding wave function by using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. We also discussed two special cases: attractive radial and Deng-Fan potentials. We have also reported some numerical results and figures to show the effect of tensor interaction.
AbstractIt has been shown that the overdense plasma in the resonance conditions can be totally transparent to the incident electromagnetic waves, due to the excitation of the surface modes or plasmons. This scenario requires excitation of a single surface mode which is provided by placing a dielectric layer in front of the incident wave. Here, […]
AbstractUncertainty relations are discussed in detail not only for free particles but also for bound states within the framework of classical information theory. Uncertainty relation for simultaneous measurements of two physical observables is defined in this framework for generalized dynamic systems governed by a Sturm-Liouville-type equation of motion. In the first step, the reduction of […]
AbstractIn this paper, we present a bipolar transport model in low-density polyethylene under high direct-current voltage in order to investigate the charge packet dynamic generated under high injection. These charge packets, observed by our model for the first time, have already been seen in some previous experimental works for a long time. Our model results […]
AbstractTriboluminescence (TL) is defined as the emission of cold light based on mechanical action. In 1999, Sage and Geddes used this property to design a sensor capable of discerning the location of impacts. By coating a structure with various triboluminescent materials, impacts to structures could be monitored with simple light detectors. However, the intensity of […]
AbstractNon-similarity solutions are obtained for one-dimensional adiabatic flow behind a magnetogasdynamic spherical (or cylindrical) shock wave propagating in a self-gravitating perfect gas in the presence of a constant azimuthal magnetic field. The density of the gas is assumed to be varying and obeying an exponential law. The shock wave moves with variable velocity, and the […]
AbstractIn the framework of fractional action cosmology, we have reconstructed the scalar potentials and scalar fields, namely, quintessence, phantom, tachyon, k-essence, Dirac-Born-Infeld-essence, hessence, dilaton field, and Yang-Mills field. To get more physical picture of the variation of the scalar field and potential with time, we express a scale factor in emergent, logamediate, and intermediate scenarios, […]
AbstractNanocrystalline Pb1–3x/2GdxTiO3 (where x = 0.01) abbreviated as PGT has been synthesised by high energy ball milling at room temperature. X-ray analysis shows that single-phase tetragonal structure of nanocrystalline PGT was formed after 15-h milling. The average crystallite size was found to be 17 nm. The frequency-dependent AC conductivity of the PGT ceramic was studied in the range […]
AbstractWe have performed atomic force microscopy to investigate the effect of various indium compositions and various AsH3 flow times during cooling on the formation of self-assembled InxGa1 − xAs quantum dots (QDs). The InxGa1 − xAs QDs were grown by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition using the Stranski-Krastanow (S-K) growth mode. The migration of group III […]
AbstractAn analysis is presented to investigate the influences of viscous dissipation on MHD natural convection flow along a uniformly heated vertical wavy surface. The governing equations are transformed into dimensionless non-similar equations using a set of suitable transformations and solved numerically by the implicit finite difference method known as the Keller box scheme. Numerical results […]
AbstractIn this work, we focus our attention on the dynamic properties of relativistic electrons moving around an impurity in a plasma. This led us, in the first place, to compute the effective plasma potential (EPP) in which the electrons move. The EPP is built up as a sum of three contributions. These include the potential […]
AbstractHere a Lagrangian mesh-free formalism is presented to simulate the coalescence process between three unequal-sized liquid drops in the three-dimensional space. The surface tension forces acting on the surface of the drops cause the formation of a circular flat section when the droplets collide. The effect of polydispersity on the collision dynamics is simulated using […]
AbstractIn this paper, we investigate two of the analytical approximate techniques, energy balance method and amplitude-frequency formulation, and these approximate techniques are applied to solve the strongly nonlinear differential equation of a mass attached to the center of a stretched elastic wire. We present a comparative study between the energy balance method and amplitude-frequency formulation […]
AbstractNevirapine is an anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agent that belongs to the class of the non-nucleoside inhibitors of the HIV-1 virus reverse transcriptase. Spectral characteristics of nevirapine have been probed into by methods of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), FT-Raman, UV-visible, and quantum chemistry. The UV spectrum was measured in methanol. In order to gain some […]
AbstractWe have studied quark matter coupled with string cloud and domain walls in the context of general relativity. For this purpose, we solved Einstein’s field equations for quark matter coupled to the string cloud and domain walls in spherical symmetric kink space-time. It is found that cosmic strings and domain walls do not survive in […]
AbstractIn this paper, we construct a methodology for separating divergencies due to different topological manifolds dual to Feynman graphs in a colored group field theory. After having introduced the amplitude bounds using propagator cuts, we show how Graph-Encoded Manifold (GEM) techniques can be used in order to factorize divergencies related to different parts of the […]
AbstractWe show that many independent scenarios as the ‘accelerated expansion of the universe’, ‘eternal inflation’, ‘eternally oscillating universe’, ‘nonsingular oscillating universe’, and ‘collapse of an oscillating universe’ may occur without modifying the gravity theory or introducing scalar fields of any type. This is achieved by replacing the standard Lagrangian in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime model by […]
AbstractUsing orbital-free framework, a simple numerical optimization of the density functional for ground state electronic energy is described for any type of functional approximation, demonstrated via the example of linear combinations of homogeneous functionals of the density. The numerical recipe is given and analyzed for solution: Originating from the linear dependence of nuclear-electron attraction functional […]
AbstractIn this work, we developed the rescaled range method and its formalism to investigate the surface morphology dynamics of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films. The dynamic scaling behavior of grown ITO thin films, which were prepared by electron beam deposition method on float glass substrates at room temperature, was studied through atomic force microscopy […]
AbstractWe hereby introduce a research about a grand canonical ensemble for the extended two-site Hubbard model, that is, we consider the intersite interaction term in addition to those of the simple Hubbard model. To calculate the thermodynamical parameters, we utilize the nonextensive statistical mechanics; specifically, we perform the simulations of magnetic internal energy, specific heat, […]
AbstractCopper thin films of 80-nm thickness were deposited on glass substrate using electron beam deposition at two different deposition angles of 0° and 40°, and they were post-annealed under flow of nitrogen at different temperatures. The structure of the films was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Investigation on the […]
AbstractNew sets of molecules containing tri-phenyl-amine (TPA) core and thiophene unit with amide and imine functional groups are designed, synthesized, characterized, and compared. These are solution processable small molecules with high mobility. The newly designed molecules have better solubility due to the C=N (imine) and CONH2 (amide) moiety as compared to the established molecules with […]
AbstractThe influence of a hot filament on the electrical breakdown characteristics is studied for different ratios of argon and nitrogen gases for a wide range of pressure. The vacuum tube consists of two parallel plane stainless steels used as cathode and anode accompanied with a tungsten filament located behind the cathode. Paschen’s curves are obtained […]
AbstractSeveral semiempirical methods were utilized to analyze the structures and stabilities of X−(H2O)n (X = F, Cl; n = 1–4) clusters with respect to the number of water molecules through their comparison with ab initio molecular orbital calculations. Our results show that the recently developed PM6-DH+ semiempirical method can provide reasonable binding energies of hydrated […]
AbstractThe effect of MgO doping on the structural, magnetic, and magnetotransport properties of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSMO)/x MgO has been investigated. All samples were prepared by a solid-state reaction method. Alternating current susceptibility measurements for LSMO/x MgO samples show that the Curie transition temperature (Tc) and magnetization decrease with the increase of MgO concentration. The rate of […]
AbstractThe structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Co2CrGe, a Heusler alloy, have been evaluated by first-principles density functional theory and compared with the known experimental and theoretical results. Generalized gradient approximation is used for structural study, whereas local spin density approximation is used for electronic calculation. First-principles structure optimizations were done through total energy calculations […]
AbstractThe present paper is concerned with the free vibration analysis of double-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium and based on Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory. The effects of the transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia are included according to the Timoshenko beam theory. The governing equations of motion which are coupled with each other […]
AbstractThis paper deals with the determination of maximum beam deflection using homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and finite difference method (FDM). By providing some examples, we compare the results with exact solutions and conclude that HPM is more accurate, more stable and effective and can therefore be found widely applicable in structrue engineering.
AbstractShape invariance is an important factor of many exactly solvable quantum mechanics. Several examples of shape-invariant ‘discrete quantum mechanical systems’ are introduced and discussed in some detail. We present the spectral properties of supersymmetric shape-invariant potentials (SIP). Here we are interested in some time-independent integrable systems which are exactly solvable owing to the existence of […]
AbstractDiode in vivo dosimetry is widely considered to be an important tool for quality improvement of patient care in external radiotherapy. In vivo dose measurements for wedged photon beams require correction factor estimation for difference in wedge angles and field sizes. The diode dosimeters that were used in this study were two different models of […]
AbstractSpecific heats of two types of lead tellurides, namely p-type Pb1-xSnxTe (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0) and n-type PbTe doped with y mass% PbI2 (y = 0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0), were observed in the temperature range of 50°C to 500°C using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The specific heat of […]
AbstractExcept some empirical methods, which have been developed in the past, no analytical method exists to describe the evolutionary behavior of a shock wave without limiting its strength. In this paper, we have derived a system of transport equations for the shock strength and the induced continuity. We generate a completely intrinsic description of plane, […]
AbstractThis paper presents bipolar transport model results concerning the recombination phenomenon in a low-density polyethylene under direct current (dc) applied voltages. Results obtained indicate the existence of a threshold value of voltage between two different space charge dynamics. Indeed, we show that under low dc applied voltage, the total recombination rate density is dominated by […]
AbstractUsing density functional theory, a systematic study of the elastic properties of CaN, SrN, and BaN compounds is performed. As a result, the optimized lattice parameters and independent elastic constants are calculated within the generalized gradient approximation. We have also derived bulk and shear moduli, Young’s moduli, Poisson’s ratio, and brittle/ductile behavior for CaN, SrN, […]
AbstractThe α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have been synthesized using some surfactants in micro-emulsion method. Magnetization, M (H), of samples was measured at room temperature. Magnetic hysteresis loops were observed in all samples. A new magnetization function (H – A model) was offered to explain the field dependence of the magnetization behavior of α-Fe2O3. In this work, the […]
AbstractThe ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity have been measured for ternary mixtures of nitrobenzene, N,N-dimethylformamide, and cyclohexane at temperature T = 318 K at different frequencies such as 2, 4, 6, and 8 MHz. The experimental data have been used to calculate the acoustical and thermodynamical parameters like adiabatic compressibility, free length, free volume, internal […]
AbstractWe hereby introduce a research about a grand canonical ensemble for the extended two-site Hubbard model, that is, we consider the intersite interaction term in addition to those of the simple Hubbard model. To calculate the thermodynamical parameters, we utilize the nonextensive statistical mechanics; specifically, we perform the simulations of magnetic internal energy, specific heat, […]
AbstractThe (3+1)-dimensional variable coefficient Kadomtsev-Petviashvilli equation describes the dynamics of solitons and nonlinear waves in plasmas and superfluids. Based on computerized symbolic computation and extended variable coefficient homogeneous balance method, several families of exact soliton-like solutions, rational solutions, and auto-Bäcklund transformation are presented. With the use of the auto-BT and the ε-expansion method, we can […]
AbstractAll electron density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been carried out for calcium-doped porphyrin-incorporated(5, 5) carbon nanotube (Ca-PICNT) to investigate the formation energies, electronic properties of this system, and its application in hydrogen storage. It is found that the incorporation of porphyrin ring in carbon nanotube led to a decreased value of the highest occupied […]
AbstractA direct three-dimensional model to study the wakefield in underdense magnetized plasma is introduced. The model is based on an analytic procedure by Laplace transformation for calculating the magnetized plasma wake equations. Wakefield is excited using a high-intensity ultrashort laser beam. In the presence of external magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of the laser […]
AbstractIn this paper, the Lie algebraic method is applied to solve biological population models described by time-inhomogeneous birth-death processes. Notwithstanding no obvious symmetry, the solution is expressed by matrix exponentials through suitably generated low-dimensional Lie algebras. This methodology may offer useful insights for other biological and ecological applications.
AbstractIn this paper, the nuclear structure of ground-state bands of even-even 104-122Cd isotopes has been reviewed under the framework of interacting boson model-1 (IBM-1). The theoretical energy levels for Z = 48, even N = 56–74 up to 8+ state have been obtained by using the PHINT computer program. The values of the parameters in […]
AbstractA new analytical approach is presented for the calculation of full-energy peak (FEP) efficiency of NaI (Tl) detectors. The self-attenuation of the parallelepiped source matrix, the attenuation by the source container, and the detector housing materials were considered in the mathematical treatment. The efficiency values calculated using the presently suggested analytical approach are compared with […]
AbstractIn this paper, a numerical study of quantum transport in a disordered four-terminal graphene nanodevice is investigated based on the Landauer approach. The effects of impurity on transmission coefficient of the electron injected into the system are studied using tight-binding model. In this manner, we emphasize that when the disorder density is sufficiently large, the […]
AbstractNonstandard Lagrangians entitled ‘nonnaturals’ by Arnold have recently gained increasing importance both in applied mathematics and in physical theories. These types of Lagrangians appear in some group of dissipative dynamical systems, and they play an important role in a number of field theories. However, the role of nonstandard Lagrangians in geometric theories like general relativity […]
AbstractIn this paper, the Schrödinger equation is analytically solved for the Coulomb potential with a novel angle-dependent part. The generalized parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method is used to obtain energy eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions. We presented the effect of the angle-dependent part on radial solutions and some special cases are also discussed.
AbstractIn this work, we discussed the ‘modified holographic Ricci dark energy’ cosmological model based on El-Nabulsi fractional action cosmology. corresponding related cosmological parameters have been reconstructed. It has been observed that the equation of state parameter behaves like quintessence. Finally, through a test by the squared speed of sound, the proposed reconstruction model is found […]
AbstractWe use the optimized trigonometric finite basis method to find energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the time-independent Schrödinger equation with high accuracy. We apply this method to the quartic anharmonic oscillator and the harmonic oscillator perturbed by a trigonometric anharmonic term as not exactly solvable cases and obtain the nearly exact solutions.
AbstractIn this paper, the kink space-time with wet dark fluid in scale invariant theory of gravitation is investigated. The gauge function β is considered as β = β(r) and β = β(t). The matter field is assumed to be perfect fluid. It has been found that perfect fluid does not survive in this theory in […]
AbstractTitanium nitrides have good mechanical, tribological, electrical, biomedical, and optical properties; therefore, they are used to harden and protect cutting and sliding surfaces, as semiconductor devices, and as a nontoxic exterior for biomedical applications. The dependence of the mechanical and electrical properties of titanium nitride thin films deposited on silicon substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron […]
AbstractThe programs ROYPROF, VEPFIT, and POSTRAP4 are widely used in the field of positron physics. They are mainly employed in analyzing experimental Doppler-broadened data from studying condensed matter samples with variable energy positron beams. A comparative study of analysis results on the same set of data has shown to be consistent. Performance differences are reported. […]
AbstractThe exact bound state solutions of the Feinberg-Horodecki equation with the rotating time-dependent Deng-Fan oscillator potential are presented within the framework of the generalized parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. It is shown that the solutions can be expressed in terms of Jacobi polynomials or the generalized hypergeometric functions. The energy eigenvalues and the corresponding wave functions are […]
AbstractPolypyrrole (PPy) fine powder was synthesized via a chemical route in the presence of various concentrations of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The effect of the concentration of the surfactant used on electronic, structural, thermal, and surface properties of the final product was investigated. The sample prepared with the highest concentration of surfactant yielded mostly […]
AbstractFePt nanoparticle systems with high magnetocrystaline anisotropy in L10 phase are proper candidates for application in magnetic information storage with density more than Gbit/in2. FePt nanoparticles are grown by Pt(acac)2 and FeCl2. 4H2O compounds in phenyl ether solvent using weak reducing agent 1,2Hexadecandiol (C16H34O2) and strong reducing agent superhydride (LiBEt3H) in two steps. Structural and […]
AbstractIn this paper, we calculate the polarizability of the charged pions in the nonrelativistic quark potential model.
AbstractWe present a new representation of solutions of focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) equation as a quotient of two determinants. We construct families of quasi-rational solutions of the NLS equation depending on two parameters, a and b. We construct, for the first time, analytical expressions of Peregrine breather of order 7 and multi-rogue waves by […]
AbstractWe have obtained and presented spatially homogeneous Bianchi types II, VIII, and IX string cosmological models with bulk viscosity in Nordtvedt’s (Astrophys. J. 161:1059, 1970) general scalar-tensor theory of gravitation with the help of a special case proposed by Schwinger. It is observed that only the bulk viscous cosmological model exists in the case of […]
AbstractIn the present work, we have considered a modified gravity model dubbed as ‘logarithmic f(T) gravity’ as reported by Bamba et al. (J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys 1101:21, 2011) and investigated the behavior of Ricci dark energy interacting with pressureless Dark Matter. We have chosen the interaction term in the form Q=3Hδρm and investigated the behavior […]
AbstractTraveling wave resolution of Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) solitary and numerical estimation of analytic solutions have been studied in this paper for imaginary concept. Pretend model of traveling wave deals with giant waves or series of waves created by an undersea earthquake, volcanic eruption or landslide. The concept of traveling wave is frequently used by mariners […]
AbstractA theoretical investigation concerning the propagation of compressive solitons in a plasma comprising electrons, positrons, and dust grains is presented by considering the dust grains of either positive charge or negative charge. Using reductive perturbation technique, a relevant Korteweg-deVries (KdV) equation is derived and then solved to obtain the expressions of amplitude and width of […]
AbstractZirconium thin films were deposited on a glass substrate using direct current magnetron sputtering technique and then post-annealed at different temperatures (100°C to 500°C in steps of 100°C) in an oxygen constant flow. The dependence of crystallographic structure, surface morphology, chemical composition, and electrical and decorative properties of the films on the annealing temperature was […]
AbstractEfficient and cheap dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated using natural dyes from Pastinaca sativa and Beta vulgaris. Natural dyes are environmentally and economically superior to ruthenium-based dyes because they are nontoxic and cheap. However, the conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells based on natural dyes is low. One way to improve the DSSC performance […]
