Ultrasound based method for one-pot synthesis of substituted imidazoles using SiO2-OSbCl2 as highly effective and reusable catalyst

Authors

• Javad Safari ¹
• Zohre Zarnegar ²
• Simin Naseh ²
• Zahra Akbari ²

1. Laboratory of Organic Compound Research, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, University of Kashan, P.O. Box: 87317-51167 Kashan, I.R. Iran.
2. Laboratory of Organic Compound Research, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, University of Kashan, P.O. Box: 87317-51167, Kashan, I.R., Iran.

Abstract

A simple highly versatile and efficient sonochemical synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted and 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles is achieved by condensation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compound, aldehyde, ammonium acetate and primary amine using antimony trichloride immobilized on silica gel (SiO2-OSbCl2) as a catalyst in ethanol at moderate temperature. Operational simplicity, practicability and applicability to various substrates make this method an interesting alternative to previously applied procedures. From the environmental standpoint, this eco-friendly green catalyst is stable, highly active, easy to prepare and handle.

Keywords

• SiO2-OSbCl2
• Lewis acid
• Imidazoles
• Sonication.
• Heterogeneous catalyst