Sugarcane waste products as source of phytotoxic compounds for agriculture

Luz, Dandara A.; Gomes, Anne C. C.; Simas, Naomi K.; Heringer, Otavio A.; Romão, Wanderson; Lovatti, Betina P. O.; Scherer, Rodrigo; Filgueiras, Paulo R.; Kuster, Ricardo M.

doi:10.30486/ijrowa.2020.1885536.1007

Original Article

Sugarcane waste products as source of phytotoxic compounds for agriculture

Authors

Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, Vitória – ES, CEP 29075-910, Brazil
Curso de Graduação em Farmácia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro – IFRJ, Rua Professor Carlos Wenceslau, 343 Realengo, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brazil
Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco A, segundo andar- 028 - Ilha do Fundão - Cidade Universitária - Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brazil
Tommasi Ambiental, Rua Arara Azul, 187, Área 05, Galpão 03, Novo Horizonte, Serra-ES. CEP: 29.163-306, Brazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Vila Velha, Vila Velha – ES, CEP 29102-770, Brazil

Abstract

Purpose This article aims to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of metabolites present in the waste from sugarcane processing industry, such as vinasse, filter cake and bagasse, in order to reuse them as raw materials for the production of natural herbicides.
Methods Vinasse, filter cake and bagasse were submitted to different treatments, which originated 15 different samples. They were chemically identified by negative-ion mode electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI(-)FT-ICR MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Furthermore, they were submitted to phytotoxic assays, and to total phenolic content determination. Correlation between chemical and biological methods was performed through chemometric analysis and multiple linear regression.
Results From vinasse, dichloromethane (VDiCl) and ethyl acetate (VAcOEt) samples were the most phytotoxic fractions at the concentrations of 500 mg L^-1 and 250 mg L^-1. VDiCl inhibited L. sativa root growth by 72.6% and 59.7%, respectively, while VAcOEt inhibited by 62.13% and 30.67%, respectively. The IC₅₀ values established for VDiCl e VAcOEt were 168.4 mg L^-1 e 262.3 mg L^-1, respectively. The set of analyzes provided evidence that the synergistic action between fatty acids and phenolic compounds was of paramount importance for greater phytotoxicity of fractions.
Conclusion The results indicate that the waste from the sugarcane processing industry, especially vinasse, can be reused as raw material for the production of natural herbicides, minimizing the environmental risks of incorrect disposal.