Effects of fertigation with raw sewage on the vegetative development of maize and beans

Authors

• Matheus Lopes De Oliveira ¹
• Juliano Curi De Siqueira * ¹
• Mateus Pimentel De Matos ¹
• Luciene Alves Batista Siniscalchi ¹
• Willian Brunoro Fim ²

1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Lavras (Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
2. Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras (Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

Purpose Fertigation plays an important role in the so-called circular economy since it relies on the reuse of water and nutrients; therefore, this method is fundamental for production in areas with scarce resources. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fertigation of soil plots with sewage on soil attributes, germination of seeds, and growth of bean and corn.
Method Due to the low concentrations of macronutrients in the sewage, the applied dose was calculated based on the water deficit. Three plots cultivated with maize and three plots cultivated with beans were fertigated, while the same number of plots received irrigation and mineral fertilization in amounts equivalent to the dose of nitrogen administered in the sewage for comparison.
Results There was an increase in the cation exchange capacity (74.6%), nitrogen (10.4%), available phosphorus (190.5%), and organic matter (44.9%) contents in the fertigated soil compared to those in the soil of the plots that received chemical fertilization, resulting in greater germination and corn and bean growth. Analyses indicated that the coliform count in beans is below the detection limit of the technique used.
Conclusion Based on the results obtained, there are indications that fertigation can provide improvements in soil attributes at values higher than those provided by chemical fertilization, reducing the need to apply these macronutrients and irrigation water to the soil. Furthermore, fertigation can be sanitary and safe, since the count of microorganisms in the beans was not higher than that recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Highlights

• Fertigation can be a safe technique from a microbiological perspective.
• Fertigation can provide improvements in chemical and physical-chemical attributes to a greater extent than chemical fertilization.
• The sewage application can reduce the fertilizer and water needs.
• Plants grew more in the plots that received sewage.

Keywords

• Fertility
• Germination
• Health risk
• Sewage reuse
• Wastewater