10.1007/s40089-018-0263-1

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Solanum torvum (L) leaf extract and evaluation of the toxicological profile of the ZnO nanoparticles–hydrogel composite in Wistar albino rats

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  • Kenneth Maduabuchi Ezealisiji1,
  • Xavier Siwe-Noundou*2,
  • Blessing Maduelosi1,
  • Nkemakolam Nwachukwu3,
  • Rui Werner Maçedo Krause2,
  1. Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, NG
  2. Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, ZA
  3. Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, NG
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Published in Issue 2019-03-01

How to Cite

Ezealisiji, K. M., Siwe-Noundou, X., Maduelosi, B., Nwachukwu, N., & Krause, R. W. M. (2019). Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Solanum torvum (L) leaf extract and evaluation of the toxicological profile of the ZnO nanoparticles–hydrogel composite in Wistar albino rats. International Nano Letters, 9(2 (June 2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-018-0263-1
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Abstract

Abstract Current study reports a simple and one-pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using an aqueous extract of Solanum torvum and evaluation of its toxicological profile (0.5% w/w and 1.0% w/w) in Wistar albino rats with respect to the biochemical index. The nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction technique. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential of synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed to know the average size and stability of particles. Synthesized nanoparticles were stable, discreet, and mostly spherical, and size of particles was within the nanometre range. Biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions were measured. Zinc oxide nanoparticles significantly decreased serum uric acid level ( p  < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner, while the serum alkaline phosphatase level was increased at the two test doses. The level of alanine transaminase was increased after exposure for 28 days ( p  < 0.05). This study concludes that biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles-infused hydrogel applied dermatologically could affect hepatic and renal performance in rats, and there was an observed cumulative toxicological effect with time of exposure.

Keywords

  • Nanoparticles,
  • Hydrogels,
  • Microscopy,
  • Spectroscopy,
  • Pharmacovigilance
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