The Role of Identity and Political Culture in the Achievement of Cyberspace ‎ (Case Study: Iran with emphasis on Habermas' Ideas)‎

Abstract

The resulting information technology and cyberspace are shaping the new conditions of psychological, sociological, and cultural studies related to the interaction of technology, culture, and human beings in general, and the interaction of cyberspace with culture, identity, and human relations. The present article tries to describe and explain the effect of culture, society and its traditions on cyberspace and the relationships and content within it, and on the other hand, the effect of cyberspace on culture, social actions, identity, attitudes and individual behaviors. And collectively, emphasize this point. Therefore, in this article, the important components of Habermas theory such as: public sphere, com-munication action, rationality, possibility of participation, open space, two-way communication and the ability to communicate in order to promote criticism and dialogue in political culture and the challenges that these components can create in cyberspace in the Islamic religious identity of Iran will be reviewed. Therefore, it is suggested that two principals were assumed in cyberspace cultural and social research; one of these: Habermas's theory of communicative action, which oversees the formation of public space, is considered an ideal situation (without focusing on the identity of countries) in political development. Secondly, both in theoretical and methodological dimensions, in the study of cyberspace in various cultural and social fields, it is not possible to rely solely on traditional views and methods, and there are new ways in terms of ideas, methods and tools. Habermas's theory of communicative action, which oversees the formation of public space, is considered an ideal situation in new ways. The formation of the ideal state of dialogue and the disruption of the former political order resulting from the traditional act of communication is a context that can address the indicators of political and cultural development in societies, namely the role of society in building political power, social participation and individual freedoms be influential. Communication action theory can affect the indicators of political and cultural development in societies, i.e., the role of society in building political power, social participation and individual freedoms., but from a practical point of view, the study of cyberspace is based on national identity, considering that cyberspace causes a crisis in national and religious identity, and this identity crisis causes identity inequalities in individual contexts, and in a way affects the social. The findings of this article show that the type of policy makers' view of social networks in Iran is not necessarily in conflict with the way users use it, but the cultural inefficiency of existing structures, lack of serious legal and managerial tools, and dispersion Decision-making methods have posed many challenges for social media policy-making Which has made convergence and homogeneity between decision-making institutions very difficult.