10.57647/j.ijes.2025.17008

Mineralogical Characteristics and Surface Texture of Quartz Grains in Coastal Sabkha Deposits on the Southern Red Sea

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  • Saeed Omar Wasel1,
  • Talha Ahmed Al-Dubai*1,
  • Aaid Al-Zubieri2,
  • Aziz Al Thabiani3,
  1. Marine Geology Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Environment, Hodeidah University, Yemen
  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Saudi Arabia
  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

Received: 2024-11-08

Revised: 2025-01-01

Accepted: 2025-01-27

Published 2025-07-05

Copyright (c) -1 Saeed Omar Wasel, Talha Ahmed Al-Dubai, Aaid Al-Zubieri, Aziz Al Thabiani (Author)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Wasel, S. O., Al-Dubai, T. A., Al-Zubieri, A., & Al Thabiani, A. (2025). Mineralogical Characteristics and Surface Texture of Quartz Grains in Coastal Sabkha Deposits on the Southern Red Sea . Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences. https://doi.org/10.57647/j.ijes.2025.17008
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Abstract

Surface sediment samples from Yakhtul sabkha, located within a local depression east of the Red Sea in Yemen, were analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy to determine the mineralogical composition and microtextures of quartz grain surfaces of recent coastal sabkha sediments. Eleven surface sediment samples were collected from the sabkha for this study. The results revealed that X-ray diffraction analysis identified the mineral components in the sabkha sediments, including evaporate minerals such as gypsum, anhydrite, and halite. These minerals indicate the arid conditions prevalent in this coastal environment. Carbonate minerals such as calcite, aragonite, and dolomite were also identified. Conversely, non-evaporite minerals were also identified, including quartz, plagioclase, and orthoclase. The microtextural features of the quartz grains were characterized by a dominance of surface-chemical features generally developed by precipitation and dissolution of recent silica in the near-surface diagenetic environment. In Addition, surface features such as upturned plates, V-shaped pits, elongated depressions, conchoidal fractures, and straight-curved grooves indicate prevailing mechanical processes. Analyzing the surface features of quartz grains using a scanning electron microscope provides significant interpretations of the environmental conditions the grains encountered, allowing inferences about the sediment source.

Keywords

  • Yakhtul sabkha,
  • Mineralogy,
  • SEM,
  • Red Sea Coast,
  • Yemen
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