Cellulose sulfuric acid: an efficient biopolymer-based catalyst for the synthesis of 5H-dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-tetraones and spiro[dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-13,3′-indoline]-pentaones under solvent free conditions

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  • Seyyedeh Cobra Azimi1,
  • Hassan Kefayati2,
  1. Young Researchers and Elites Club, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
  2. Department of Chemistry, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.

Published in Issue 2024-02-03

How to Cite

Azimi, S. C., & Kefayati, H. (2024). Cellulose sulfuric acid: an efficient biopolymer-based catalyst for the synthesis of 5H-dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-tetraones and spiro[dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-13,3′-indoline]-pentaones under solvent free conditions. Iranian Journal of Catalysis, 3(3). https://oiccpress.com/ijc/article/view/3763

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Abstract

A practical and green method for the synthesis of 5H-dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-tetraones and spiro[dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-13,3'-indoline]-pentaones by the condensation of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione with aldehydes or isatins, respectively, in the presence of a catalytic amount of cellulose sulfuric acid (CSA) under solvent-free conditions at 100 °C is described. The significant features of this procedure are high yields of the products, simple work-up, solvent-free conditions, operational simplicity and non-toxicity of the catalyst. Moreover, cellulose sulfuric acid is successfully reused for four cycles without significant loss of activity.

Keywords

  • 2-Hydroxynaphthalene-1,
  • 4-dione,
  • Cellulose sulfuric acid,
  • Solvent-free,
  • Xanthenes
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