10.57647/tpr.2025.0904.24

Chemical compositions and yield of essential oil from sage (Salvia officinalis L.) under organic inputs,L-phenylalanine, and varying moisture levels

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  • Safoura Hasanabadi,
  • M.Reza Ardakani,
  • Abdolah Ghasemi Pirbalouti*1,2,3,
  • Farzad Paknejad,
  • Davoud Habibi,
  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, TeMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  2. Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
  3. Herbal Drugs Raw Materials Research Center (HDRMRC), Sha.C., Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran

Received: 2025-10-26

Revised: 2025-11-29

Accepted: 2025-12-24

Published in Issue 2025-12-31

Copyright (c) 2026 Safoura Hasanabadi, M.Reza Ardakani, Abdolah Ghasemi Pirbalouti, Farzad Paknejad, Davoud Habibi (Author)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Hasanabadi, S., Ardakani, M., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Paknejad, F., & Habibi, D. (2025). Chemical compositions and yield of essential oil from sage (Salvia officinalis L.) under organic inputs,L-phenylalanine, and varying moisture levels. Trends in Phytochemical Research, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.57647/tpr.2025.0904.24
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Abstract

The effects of the foliar application of L-phenylalanine, organic inputs, and different soil moisture conditions on the phytochemistry of the essential oil of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) were investigated. This field study was done according to a split-plot in time and place design in West of Iran in two experimental years. According to essential oils analysis by GC-FID and GC/MS, the major compounds of the sage essential oil were oxygenated monoterpenes, including camphor (32-39%), 1,8-cineole (25-31%), α-thujone (19-23%), and β-thujone (3-4%). The highest values of these oxygenated monoterpenes were obtained from the optimum soil moisture and foliar spraying with 50% L-phenylalanine under an organic farming system, which significantly influenced the quantity and quality of the biologically active compounds of sage. In conclusion, the foliar spray of L-phenylalanine under organic inputs, and their interaction could ameliorate the dry matter yield and essential oil compounds of sage in environmentally friendly agriculture conditions.

Keywords

  • Amino acid,
  • Camphor,
  • 1,8-Cineole,
  • Essential oil,
  • Environmentally friendly,
  • GC/MS; Sage,
  • α-Thujone
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