10.1007/s40097-020-00363-9

Recent progress on visible active nanostructured energy materials for water split generated hydrogen

  • Ankita Rani1,
  • Pichiah Saravanan*1,
  • Min Jang2,
  1. Environmental Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, IN
  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, KR

Published in Issue 26-10-2020

How to Cite

Rani, A., Saravanan, P., & Jang, M. (2020). Recent progress on visible active nanostructured energy materials for water split generated hydrogen. Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, 11(1 (March 2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40097-020-00363-9
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Abstract

Abstract Solar-driven water splitting is one amongst the fastest growing areas of research for hydrogen evolution. The technology employs application of nanostructured energy materials with featured charge-separation and light absorption characteristics. The high charge-carrier recombination and wide band-gap of energy materials are major material-related bottlenecks that restricted the large-scale implementation. Besides it, the co-catalyst, electron mediator and sacrificial electron donor (SED) were the other major components for further improving the H 2 yield. A water splitting reactor with well-optimized photon and mass transfer properties is mandatory for studying hydrogen evolution at large scale. The present review compiles various strategies that were presented for reducing charge-carrier recombination and extending visible light absorption of materials, insights for loading earth-abundant co-catalysts on photocatalyst surface, recently developed reversible redox and non-noble metal-based solid-state electron mediators and advantage of applying organic contaminant and biomass-derived waste as SEDs. The discussions on several engineered reactor designs for the photocatalytic water splitting technology were also presented. A cost-effective way of designing a photocatalytic water splitting system with functionalized nanostructured energy materials, the earth-abundant co-catalysts, organic waste-based electron donors and efficient electron mediators for achieving improved hydrogen evolution rate is comprehensively discussed. Graphic abstract

Keywords

  • Nanostructure,
  • Water splitting,
  • Photocatalysis,
  • Hydrogen,
  • Co-catalyst,
  • SEDs

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