10.1007/s40097-015-0179-5

Optimized reduction conditions for the microfluidic synthesis of 1.3 ± 0.3 nm Pt clusters

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  • M. Jakir Hossain*1,
  • Md. Saidur Rahman2,
  • M. S. Rahman3,
  • M. A. Ali4,
  • N. C. Nandi2,
  • P. Noor2,
  • K. N. Ahmed2,
  • S. Akhter3,
  1. Industrial Botany Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chittagong, Sholashahar, Chittagong, 4220, BD Forest Chemistry Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong, 4211, BD
  2. Industrial Botany Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Chittagong, Sholashahar, Chittagong, 4220, BD
  3. Forest Chemistry Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong, 4211, BD
  4. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, BD
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Published in Issue 20-11-2015

How to Cite

Hossain, M. J., Rahman, M. S., Rahman, M. S., Ali, M. A., Nandi, N. C., Noor, P., Ahmed, K. N., & Akhter, S. (2015). Optimized reduction conditions for the microfluidic synthesis of 1.3 ± 0.3 nm Pt clusters. Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, 6(1 (March 2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40097-015-0179-5
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Abstract

Abstract Recently, small (<2 nm) and monodispersed Pt clusters has gained much attention due to their high catalytic activity in the aerobic oxidations. However, the chemical synthesis of small Pt clusters is not trivial; high temperature is often required to completely reduce the Pt 4+/2+ ions to Pt 0 , which accelerates the growth of the Pt clusters. Here, we discussed a very simple microfluidic reduction of Pt 4+ to Pt 0 by NaBH 4 in the presence of PVP that produces <2 nm Pt clusters in any variable reduction conditions. The microfluidic reduction conditions were optimized for the synthesis of possible smallest Pt clusters in terms of five reaction parameters: (1) temperature, (2) concentration of H 2 PtCl 6 , (3) molar ratio of NaBH 4 to Pt 4+ ions, (4) molar ratio of PVP-monomer to Pt 4+ ions, and (5) molecular weight/chain length of PVP. We found that possible smallest particles with average diameter 1.3 ± 0.3 nm were produced when aqueous solutions of H 2 PtCl 6 (4 mM) and NaBH 4 (40 mM) containing PVP (160 mM) were injected into the micromixer placed in an icebath at a flow rate of 200 mL/h. The produced particles were characterized by UV–visible absorption spectrophotometry, powder X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy.

Keywords

  • Platinum,
  • Clusters,
  • PVP,
  • NaBH4,
  • Reduction
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