10.1007/s40097-021-00454-1

Equal contents of intrinsic defects and oxygen-containing defects promote carbon electrodes to achieve high sulfur loads

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  • Caiwei Wang1,
  • Jianfeng Huang2,
  • Jiayin Li*2,
  • Liyun Cao2,
  • Rong Lang2,
  • Koji Kajiyoshi3,
  1. Xi’an Key Laboratory of Green Manufacture of Ceramic Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, International S&T Cooperation Foundation of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, CN School of Materials Engineering, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an, 710077, CN
  2. Xi’an Key Laboratory of Green Manufacture of Ceramic Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, International S&T Cooperation Foundation of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021, CN
  3. Research Laboratory of Hydrothermal Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi, 780-8081, JP

Published in Issue 31-10-2021

How to Cite

Wang, C., Huang, J., Li, J., Cao, L., Lang, R., & Kajiyoshi, K. (2021). Equal contents of intrinsic defects and oxygen-containing defects promote carbon electrodes to achieve high sulfur loads. Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, 13(1 (February 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40097-021-00454-1
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Abstract

Abstract High sulfur-loading is the key to achieve high lithium–sulfur battery performance. Defects (such as intrinsic defects and oxygen-containing defects) on biomass carbon surface are benefit for capturing sulfur. Two defects play different roles during reaction process. The limited loading capacity of one kind of defect forces researchers to combine two defects to achieve high sulfur-loading. Activation process of biomass carbon can lead to increasing contents of two defects on carbon surface to achieve high sulfur loads (> 80 wt%). However, the role of activation process on defects and polysulfide conversion abilities of activated carbon still needs to be solved. Studying defect changes of activated carbon on polysulfide-capturing and transforming abilities becomes essential. In our work, high-temperature carbonization process is used to obtain biomass carbon. Defect contents change after activation process and polysulfide conversion abilities are also studied. Results show that carbon materials with equal contents of intrinsic defects and oxygen-containing defects possess enhanced abilities to capture and transform polysulfides on their surface. Intrinsic defects promote conversion abilities of polysulfides and oxygen-containing defects promote capturing abilities of polysulfides. Under synergy effects of two defects, carbon electrodes possess high capacities in P2 parts (conversion process from Li 2 S x to Li 2 S) under conditions of high sulfur loads (80 wt%) and high 4 current densities (20 C), achieving excellent rate performance.

Keywords

  • Intrinsic defects,
  • Oxygen-containing defects,
  • High sulfur loads,
  • Carbon electrodes

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