10.1007/s40089-017-0221-3

In vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of nanoparticles

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  • Vinay Kumar*1,
  • Neha Sharma2,
  • S. S. Maitra1,
  1. Lab No. 117, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, IN
  2. Arbro Pharmaceuticals Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, 110015, IN
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Published in Issue 2017-11-25

How to Cite

Kumar, V., Sharma, N., & Maitra, S. S. (2017). In vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of nanoparticles. International Nano Letters, 7(4 (December 2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-017-0221-3
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Abstract

Abstract Nanotechnology has revolutionized gene therapy, diagnostics and environmental remediation. Their bulk production, uses and disposal have posed threat to the environment. With the appearance of these nanoparticles in the environment, their toxicity assessment is an immediate concern. This review is an attempt to summarize the major techniques used in cytotoxity determination. The review also presents a detailed and elaborative discussion on the toxicity imposed by different types of nanoparticles including carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, quantum dots, fullerenes, aluminium nanoparticles, zinc nanoparticles, iron nanoparticles, titanium nanoparticles and silica nanoparticles. It discusses the in vitro and in vivo toxological effects of nanoparticles on bacteria, microalgae, zebrafish, crustacean, fish, rat, mouse, pig, guinea pig, human cell lines and human. It also discusses toxological effects on organs such as liver, kidney, spleen, sperm, neural tissues, liver lysosomes, spleen macrophages, glioblastoma cells, hematoma cells and various mammalian cell lines. It provides information about the effects of nanoparticles on the gene-expression, growth and reproduction of the organisms.

Keywords

  • Nanoparticles,
  • Toxicity assessment,
  • In-vivo toxicity,
  • In-vitro toxicity,
  • Diagnostics
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