10.1007/s40089-014-0129-0

Simulation and experimental study of rheological properties of CeO2–water nanofluid

HTML PDF
  • Adil Loya*1,
  • Jacqueline L. Stair2,
  • Guogang Ren1,
  1. School of Engineering and Technology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, GB Centre for Engineering Research Materials and Structures, Science and Technology Research Institute, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, GB
  2. University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, GB Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Medical Sciences, Centre for Clinical Practice, Safe Medicines and Drug Misuse Research, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, GB Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prescription and Illicit Drug Misuse, Centre for Research into Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, GB Nanopharmaceutics, Health and Human Sciences Research Institute, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, GB
Cover Image

Published in Issue 2014-10-15

How to Cite

Loya, A., Stair, J. L., & Ren, G. (2014). Simulation and experimental study of rheological properties of CeO2–water nanofluid. International Nano Letters, 5(1 (March 2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-014-0129-0
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

HTML views: 7

PDF views: 110

Abstract

Abstract Metal oxide nanoparticles offer great merits over controlling rheological, thermal, chemical and physical properties of solutions. The effectiveness of a nanoparticle to modify the properties of a fluid depends on its diffusive properties with respect to the fluid. In this study, rheological properties of aqueous fluids (i.e. water) were enhanced with the addition of CeO 2 nanoparticles. This study was characterized by the outcomes of simulation and experimental results of nanofluids. The movement of nanoparticles in the fluidic media was simulated by a large-scale molecular thermal dynamic program (i.e. LAMMPS). The COMPASS force field was employed with smoothed particle hydrodynamic potential (SPH) and discrete particle dynamics potential (DPD). However, this study develops the understanding of how the rheological properties are affected due to the addition of nanoparticles in a fluid and the way DPD and SPH can be used for accurately estimating the rheological properties with Brownian effect. The rheological results of the simulation were confirmed by the convergence of the stress autocorrelation function, whereas experimental properties were measured using a rheometer. These rheological values of simulation were obtained and agreed within 5 % of the experimental values; they were identified and treated with a number of iterations and experimental tests. The results of the experiment and simulation show that 10 % CeO 2 nanoparticles dispersion in water has a viscosity of 2.0–3.3 mPas.

Keywords

  • Metal oxide nanoparticles,
  • CeO2,
  • LAMMPS,
  • Rheology
HTML PDF

References

  1. Zhao et al. (2013) A study of tribological properties of water-based ceria nanofluids 56(2) (pp. 275-283) https://doi.org/10.1080/10402004.2012.748948
  2. Tiwari, A.K., Ghosh, P., Sarkar, J.: Performance comparison of the plate heat exchanger using different nanofluids. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 49(0), 141–151 (2013). doi:
  3. 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2013.04.012
  4. Ngoc Nhiem, D., Minh Dai, L., Quang Khuyen, N., Byung Sun, K.: UV absorption by cerium oxide nanoparticles/epoxy composite thin films. Adv. Nat. Sci.: Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
  5. 2
  6. (4), 045013 (2011)
  7. Hernández Battez, A., González, R., Viesca, J.L., Fernández, J.E., Díaz Fernández, J.M., Machado, A., Chou, R., Riba, J.: CuO, ZrO2 and ZnO nanoparticles as antiwear additive in oil lubricants. Wear 265(3–4), 422–428 (2008). doi:
  8. 10.1016/j.wear.2007.11.013
  9. Shriram S. Sonawane, R.S.K., Kailas L. Wasewar and Ajit P.: Rathod dispersions of CuO nanoparticles in paraffin prepared by Ultrasonication: a potential coolant 3rd International Conference on Biology, Environment and Chemistry IPCBEE vol.46 (2012) © (2012)IACSIT Press, Singapore (2012)
  10. Jesumathy et al. (2012) Experimental study of enhanced heat transfer by addition of CuO nanoparticle 48(6) (pp. 965-978) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-011-0945-y
  11. Zhao, C., Chen, Y.K., Jiao, Y., Loya, A., Ren, G.G.: The preparation and tribological properties of surface modified zinc borate ultrafine powder as a lubricant additive in liquid paraffin. Tribology International
  12. 70
  13. (0), 155–164 (2014). doi:
  14. 10.1016/j.triboint.2013.10.007
  15. Conesa (1995) Computer modeling of surfaces and defects on cerium dioxide 339(3) (pp. 337-352) https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(95)00595-1
  16. Milanova, D., Kumar, R., Kuchibhatla, S., Seal, S.: Heat transfer behavior of oxide nanoparticles in pool boiling experiment. In: 2006. ASME
  17. Gotte et al. (2004) Molecular dynamics simulations of reduced CeO < sub > 2 : bulk and surfaces 552(1) (pp. 273-280) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2004.01.032
  18. Gotte et al. (2007) Molecular dynamics study of oxygen self-diffusion in reduced CeO2 178(25) (pp. 1421-1427) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2007.08.003
  19. Herschend et al. (2007) Oxygen vacancy formation for transient structures on the CeO (110) surface at 300 and 750 K https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2721537
  20. Karimi et al. (2011) Correlation of viscosity in nanofluids using genetic algorithm-neural network (GA-NN) 47(11) (pp. 1417-1425) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-011-0802-z
  21. Nguyen, C.T., Desgranges, F., Roy, G., Galanis, N., Maré, T., Boucher, S., Angue Mintsa, H.: Temperature and particle-size dependent viscosity data for water-based nanofluids––Hysteresis phenomenon. Intern. J. Heat Fluid Flow
  22. 28
  23. (6), 1492–1506 (2007). doi:
  24. 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2007.02.004
  25. Duan et al. (2011) Viscosity affected by nanoparticle aggregation in Al2O3-water nanofluids 6(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-6-248
  26. Nguyen, C.T., Desgranges, F., Galanis, N., Roy, G., Maré, T., Boucher, S., Angue Mintsa, H.: Viscosity data for Al2O3–water nanofluid—hysteresis: is heat transfer enhancement using nanofluids reliable? Intern. J. Thermal Sci.
  27. 47
  28. (2), 103–111 (2008). doi:
  29. 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.01.033
  30. Loya, A., Stair, J.L., Ren, G.: The Approach of using Molecular Dynamics for Nanofluid Simulations. Intern. J. Eng. Res. Technol
  31. 3
  32. (5), 1236–1247 (2014).
  33. http://www.ijert.org/view.php?id=9756&title=the-approach-of-using-molecular-dynamics-for-nanofluid-simulations
  34. Plimpton (1995) Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics (pp. 1-19) https://doi.org/10.1006/jcph.1995.1039
  35. Sun (1998) COMPASS: An ab Initio Force-Field Optimized for Condensed-Phase ApplicationsOverview with Details on Alkane and Benzene Compounds 102(38) (pp. 7338-7364) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp980939v
  36. Gingold and Monaghan (1977) Smoothed particle hydrodynamics: theory and application to non-spherical stars (pp. 375-389) https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/181.3.375
  37. Fan, H.B., Chan, E.K.L., Wong, C.K.Y., Yuen, M.M.F.: Moisture diffusion study in electronic packaging using molecular dynamic simulation. In: Electronic Components and Technology Conference, 2006. Proceedings. 56th, 0-0 0 2006, 4
  38. Mark and Nilsson (2001) Structure and Dynamics of the TIP3P, SPC, and SPC/E Water Models at 298 K 105(43) (pp. 9954-9960) https://doi.org/10.1021/jp003020w
  39. Allen, M.P., Tildesley, D.J.: Computer simulation of liquids. Oxford University Press, (1989)
  40. Alder et al. (1970) Studies in Molecular Dynamics. VIII. The Transport Coefficients for a Hard-Sphere Fluid 53(10) (pp. 3813-3826) https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1673845
  41. Kubo, R.: Statistical-mechanical theory of irreversible processes. I. general theory and simple applications to magnetic and conduction problems. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
  42. 12
  43. (Copyright (C) 1957 The Physical Society of Japan), 570
  44. Rapaport, D.C.: The art of molecular dynamics simulation. Cambridge University Press, (2004)
  45. Loya et al. (2014) The study of simulating metaloxide nanoparticles in aqueous fluid 3(4) (pp. 1954-1960)