Abstract
Abstract
Microemulsions (MEs) could be considered as promising nutraceutical carriers for anthropoid consumption where their stability during storage is a real advantage. Considering powerful health benefits of lycopene and constant growing interest in green and safe extraction techniques, current study was aimed at ME extraction of lycopene from tomato industrial waste and monitoring of rheological behaviour, turbidity, refractive index, and colour characteristics of the developed ME during storage. Within 3 months, no significant changes were noted in the rheological behaviour and refractive indices of lycopene MEs in three different storage temperatures (5, 25, and 45 °C). However, at higher temperatures (25 and 45 °C), there was a progressive but slow increase in the turbidity, total colour difference, chroma, hue angle, and browning index values, whereas those stored at 5 °C presented no or fairly small changes over the study period. All in all, the best storage condition for the lycopene ME was concluded to be cold temperature under which it can stay almost unchanged for relatively long periods of time. Potential applications of lycopene MEs can be a wide range of beverages and foods which would result in their better colour and a well-documented health-promoting quality.
Keywords
- Colour,
- Lycopene,
- Microemulsion,
- Rheology,
- Stability
References
- Urbonavičienė et al. (2015) Stability of tomato lycopene under thermal- and light-irradiation treatments in an oil-based model system (pp. 185-192) https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2015.102.024
- Naviglio et al. (2008) Extraction of pure lycopene from industrial tomato by-products in water using a new high-pressure process (pp. 2414-2420) https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3334
- Shi et al. (1999) Lycopene degradation and isomerization in tomato dehydration (pp. 15-21) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(99)00059-9
- Huawei et al. (2014) Isomerisation and degradation of lycopene during heat processing in simulated food system (pp. 45-50)
- Choksi and Joshi (2007) A review on lycopene—extraction, purification, stability and applications (pp. 289-298) https://doi.org/10.1080/10942910601052699
- Ariviani et al. (2015) Characterization and chemical stability evaluation of β-carotene microemulsions prepared by spontaneous emulsification method using VCO and palm oil as oil phase (pp. 2432-2439)
- Ax et al. (2003) Stability of lycopene in oil-in-water emulsions (pp. 199-201) https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.200390028
- Silva et al. (2011) Nanoemulsions of β-carotene using a high-energy emulsification–evaporation technique (pp. 130-135) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.08.005
- Kim et al. (2013) Novel encapsulation with new glyceryl ester vesicle enhances stability of nanoemulsion containing astaxanthin (pp. 225-231)
- Amiri-Rigi and Abbasi (2016) Microemulsion-based lycopene extraction: effect of surfactants, co-surfactants and pre-treatments (pp. 1002-1009) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.077
- Amiri-Rigi et al. (2016) Enhanced lycopene extraction from tomato industrial waste using microemulsion technique: optimization of enzymatic and ultrasound pre-treatments (pp. 160-167) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2016.05.004
- Chiu and Yang (1992) Preparation of vitamin E microemulsion possessing high resistance to oxidation in air (pp. 311-322) https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-6622(92)80253-X
- Polychniatou and Tzia (2011) Olive oil microemulsions and study of the emulsifying ability of olive oil endogenous components (pp. 943-944)
- Abbasi and Mohammadi (2013) Stabilization of milk–orange juice mixture using Persian gum: efficiency and mechanism (pp. 53-60) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2013.04.002
- Azarikia and Abbasi (2016) Mechanism of soluble complex formation of milk proteins with native gums (tragacanth and Persian gum) (pp. 35-44) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.10.018
- Mirmajidi Hashtjin and Abbasi (2015) Optimization of ultrasonic emulsification conditions for the production of orange peel essential oil nanoemulsions (pp. 2679-2689) https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1322-x
- Desai et al. (2015) Screening of safflower oil microemulsion for enhancing bioavailability of lovastatin (pp. 28-49)
- Zeeb et al. (2015) Retention and release of oil-in-water emulsions from filled hydrogel beads composed of calcium alginate: impact of emulsifier type and pH (pp. 2228-2236) https://doi.org/10.1039/C4SM02791D
- Abbasi and Azari (2011) Efficiency of novel iron microencapsulation techniques: fortification of milk (pp. 1927-1933) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02703.x
- Kumar et al. (2011) Microemulsions as carrier for novel drug delivery: a review (pp. 37-45)
- Jaiswal et al. (2012) Statistical optimization of blanching time and temperature of Irish York Cabbage using desirability function (pp. 412-422) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00574.x
- Paul and Moulik (2000) The viscosity behaviours of microemulsions: an overview (pp. 499-519)
- Moulik and Rakshit (2006) Physicochemistry and applications of microemulsions (pp. 159-186)
- Rukmini et al. (2012) Formulation and stability of water-in-virgin coconut oil microemulsion using ternary food grade nonionic surfactants (pp. 259-264)
- Flanagan et al. (2006) Solubilisation of soybean oil in microemulsions using various surfactants (pp. 253-260) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2005.02.017
- Gonçalves et al. (2007) Modelling the kinetics of peroxidase inactivation, colour and texture changes of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.) during blanching (pp. 693-701) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.01.011
- Kim et al. (2008) Characteristics of pigment composition and colour value by the difference of harvesting times in Korean red pepper varieties (Capsicum annuum, L.) (pp. 915-920) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01542.x
- Belović et al. (2014) Change of surface colour parameters during storage of paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) (pp. 85-92) https://doi.org/10.5937/FFR1402085B
- Shi et al. (2005) Stability and synergistic effect of antioxidative properties of lycopene and other active components (pp. 559-573) https://doi.org/10.1080/15417060490908962
- Lee and Chen (2002) Stability of lycopene during heating and illumination in a model system (pp. 425-432) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00146-2
- Lenucci et al. (2015) Enzyme-aided extraction of lycopene from high-pigment tomato cultivars by supercritical carbon dioxide (pp. 193-202) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.081
- Itle and Kabelka (2009) Correlation between L*a*b* color space values and carotenoid content in pumpkins and squash (Cucurbita spp.) (pp. 633-637) https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.44.3.633
- Fender K. Phytochemical and antioxidant stability of thermally processed guava (
- Psidium guajava
- ) and guava juice blends. Master Thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA (2005)
- Barrett et al. (2010) Color, flavor, texture, and nutritional quality of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables: desirable levels, instrumental and sensory measurement, and the effects of processing (pp. 369-389) https://doi.org/10.1080/10408391003626322
- Chemat et al. (2011) Applications of ultrasound in food technology: processing, preservation and extraction (pp. 813-835) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.11.023
- Jiang et al. (2002) Postharvest biology and handling of longan fruit (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) (pp. 241-252) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(02)00047-9
- Whangchai et al. (2006) Effect of ozone in combination with some organic acids on the control of postharvest decay and pericarp browning of longan fruit (pp. 821-825) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2005.11.003
- Apai, W.: Application of chitosan-based coating incorporated with citric acid and potassium sorbate to delay pericarp browning, chilling injury and decay of fresh longan fruit. PhD Thesis, Chiang Mai University, Thailand pp 46–160, (2009).
- Hai et al. (2014) Effects of bee-carnauba mixed wax coating on the reduction of respiration rate, weight loss, fruit decay, and the maintenance of visual appearance and quality of Vietnamese longan cv. long during low temperature storage (pp. 554-560)
10.1007/s40089-020-00301-1