10.57647/inl.2024.1404.13
Preparation of a New Inexpensive Paper-Based Sensor for the Detection of Nitrite and Nitrate Species in Water
- Parvaneh Ghaderi-Shekhi Abadi*
1,2
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Published in Issue 2024-12-30
Copyright (c) 2024 Zahra Moradi, Parvaneh Ghaderi-Shekhi Abadi, Kambiz Varmira, Mohammad Joshaghani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Abstract
A low-cost, disposable, paper-based microfluidic analytical device (µPAD) has been developed for the measurement of nitrite and nitrate in water, with a color intensity-based response. The µPAD was fabricated using Whatman filter paper No. 1 and a glossy, self-adhesive backing. Nitrite was measured by the Griess reaction, and for nitrate determination, nitrate was reduced to nitrite in situ on the paper with zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs). We chose ZnNPs because they outperformed zinc microparticles (ZnMPs). The system showed linear calibration ranges of 0.01−1.25 mM for nitrite and 0.04−1.25 mM for nitrate. The detection limits were 0.003 and 0.008 mM,respectively. The method showed no interference from common ions present in water. The results of real samples were consistent with the spectrophotometric reference method, so the proposed µPAD is suitable for rapid measurement of nitrite/nitrate concentrations at sampling sites of environmental and drinking waters.
Keywords
- Paper-based sensor,
- Colorimetric detection,
- Nitrite and nitrate species,
- Griess reaction,
- Zn nanoparticles