10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1602.14

Utilize Polypropylene-Titanium Dioxide nano-composite, Graphene Oxide-Chitosan-Bentonite nano-absorbent, and straw to remove petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic environments aggressively

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  • Shahram Azad Zarabadi1,
  • Aptin Rahnavard*1,
  • Farid Gholamreza Fahimi1,
  • Keyvan Saeb1,
  1. Department of Medicinal Plants, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran
Utilize Polypropylene-Titanium Dioxide nano-composite, Graphene Oxide-Chitosan-Bentonite nano-absorbent, and straw to remove petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic environments aggressively

Received: 2024-08-10

Revised: 2024-11-09

Accepted: 2024-11-15

Published 2025-04-01

Copyright (c) 2024 Shahram Azad Zarabadi, Aptin Rahnavard, Farid Gholamreza Fahimi, Keyvan Saeb (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Azad Zarabadi, S., Rahnavard, A., Fahimi, F. G., & Saeb, K. (2025). Utilize Polypropylene-Titanium Dioxide nano-composite, Graphene Oxide-Chitosan-Bentonite nano-absorbent, and straw to remove petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic environments aggressively. International Journal of Nano Dimension, 16(2 (April 2025). https://doi.org/10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1602.14
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Abstract

Mitigating petroleum pollutants from wastewater is a critical concern in environmental engineering. Various methods are employed for the removal of these pollutants from wastewater. This research focused on developing adsorbents for the absorption of PAHs from nanocomposites and natural and synthetic materials. polypropylene fiber-titanium dioxide (PPTO) nanocomposite, graphene oxide-chitosan-bentonite (GOCB) Nano-absorbent, Straw (ST), and a combination of these adsorbents (CB)) Nano-absorbents were employed to remove oil pollutants. The experiments were conducted under different acidity levels, varying concentrations of effluent and absorbent, and other retention times. FTIR, SEM, XRD, and GC tests were performed to determine the absorption rate. The results demonstrated that the PPRO nanocomposite and the combination of adsorbents and exhibited the highest removal efficiency, achieving a remarkable 97% removal of petroleum hydrocarbons at a concentration of 10 mg/L. Among the other groups, Straw demonstrated a high absorption rate of 93%, while GOCB showed the lowest rate of 80%. Furthermore, the study identified pH 10 as optimal for PPTO and ST, whereas GOCB performed best at pH 3. Augmenting the adsorbent dosage improved pollutant removal; however, surpassing the optimal level did not result in further enhancements. These findings highlight the potential of the PPTO nanocomposite as a promising solution for eliminating petroleum hydrocarbons from oil-contaminated water, thus contributing to developing effective strategies for addressing oil pollution in aquatic environments.

Keywords

  • Absorbent,
  • Graphene oxide-chitosan-bentonite (GOCB),
  • Nanoparticles,
  • Petroleum hydrocarbon,
  • Wastewater
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