10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-08

Band Gap Enhancement and Violet Luminescence from Chemically Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanospindles and Its Antimicrobial Activity Against S. Aureus and K. Pneumoniae

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  • Suvayan Mandal1,2,
  • Pinaki Chakraborty2,
  • Pijus Kanti Samanta*3,
  1. Department of Physics, Midnapore College (Autonomous), Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India
  2. Department of Physics, Raiganj University, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India
  3. Department of Physics, Prabhat Kumar College, Contai, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India

Received: 2025-08-09

Revised: 2025-09-09

Accepted: 2025-09-16

Published in Issue 2026-04-10

Published Online: 2025-10-12

Copyright (c) 2026 Suvayan Mandal, Pinaki Chakraborty, Pijus Kanti Samanta (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Mandal, S., Chakraborty, P., & Kanti Samanta, P. (2026). Band Gap Enhancement and Violet Luminescence from Chemically Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanospindles and Its Antimicrobial Activity Against S. Aureus and K. Pneumoniae. International Journal of Nano Dimension, 17(2 (April 2026). https://doi.org/10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-08
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Abstract

A simple wet-chemical method has been deployed to synthesize copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures. FESEM images revealed the formation of uniform-sized, spindle-like nanostructures. The TEM image revealed that the nanospindles are composed of several small crystallites. The distinct diffraction peaks in the XRD pattern confirm well-crystalline nanostructures and the average crystallite size was ~10 nm. FTIR spectra revealed the formation of Cu-O bonds. The band gap of the nanocrystals was calculated from the absorption spectra and was estimated to be 3.28 eV. Quantum confinement effect is therefore found to be very significant in these nanocrystals, manifested by the band gap enhancement. The synthesized CuO nanospindles exhibit strong photoluminescence peaked at ~ 407 nm owing to band-to-band transition. This emission peak is due to the transition associated with low energy peaks at ~ 461 nm due to shallow levels created below the bottom of the conduction band. The nanostructure showed significant antimicrobial activity against S. Aureus (Gram-positive) and K. Pneumoniae (Gram-negative) bacteria as studied by agar well diffusion technique. The zone of inhibition depends on the concentration of nanoparticles as revealed from the study. Therefore, the synthesized CuO is of immense potential for optoelectronics and biomedical applications.

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial,
  • Band-gap,
  • Crystallite,
  • Nanospindles,
  • Quantum-confinement
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