10.57647/j.jap.2024.0802.22

Identifying and ranking indicators affecting the environment with the aim of providing a guide on the establishment and operation of exhibition sites using BWM multi-criteria decision making method

PDF
  • Davoud Adineh1,
  • Reza Amirnezhad*1,
  • Keyvan Saeb1,
  • Aptin x Aptin Rahnavard1,
  • Farid Gholamreza Fahimi1,
  1. Department of Environment, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran, Iran
Identifying and ranking indicators affecting the environment with the aim of providing a guide on the establishment and operation of exhibition sites using BWM multi-criteria decision making method

Received: 2024-11-15

Revised: 2024-11-22

Accepted: 2024-12-31

Published 2024-12-15

Copyright (c) 2025 Davoud Adineh, Reza Amirnezhad, Keyvan Saeb, Aptin x Aptin Rahnavard, Farid Gholamreza Fahimi (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Adineh, D., Amirnezhad, R., Saeb, K., Aptin Rahnavard, A. x, & Fahimi, F. G. (2024). Identifying and ranking indicators affecting the environment with the aim of providing a guide on the establishment and operation of exhibition sites using BWM multi-criteria decision making method. Anthropogenic Pollution, 8(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.57647/j.jap.2024.0802.22
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

PDF views: 43

Abstract

The exhibition industry serves as a huge platform for face-to-face participation and the formation of potential economic and business relationships in the current century. These gatherings cost greatly in terms of energy resources are responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases and other pollutants into the water, air, and soil. The present study seeks to investigate and identify the pollutant indices resulting from the activities of the exhibition industry, its respective services and preparing guide on the organization of exhibition sites. For this purpose, the most important environmental criteria influenced by the industry were first identified through the Delphi method and were then classified into nine main priority groups based on multi-criteria decision-making and the best/ worst method(BWM[1]) method. The environmental index of the region was thus selected as the most important criterion whereas the social and economic indices were determined to be the least important criteria. Moreover, 58 sub-indices of the main indices were also weighed and prioritized based on the pairwise comparison. As a result, the sub-criterion of environmentally sensitive region ranked first while the sub-criterion of impact on the local and regional identity was identified as the least important influential sub-criterion. Weighing and prioritization of the indices were eventually the main foundation for the compilation of the exhibition site construction and operation instructions, and persistent monitoring of some indices such as the indoor air quality and consumed energy can reduce the negative environmental consequences of exhibition activities significantly.  

Keywords

  • Pollutant indices,
  • Exhibition industry,
  • Criteria ranking,
  • Construction and operation instruction,
  • Exhibition sites,
  • BMW
PDF

References

  1. Chiara, Civardi. (2019). Making industrial exhibitions green A literature research on the LCA of physical and virtual industrial exhibitions. https://www.v-ex.com
  2. Chen, L. Li, Q. Lv, Y. Mohiuddin, M. (2024). Unraveling the impact of environmentally sustainable practices of exhibitions and green behavior of visitors：The role of green psychological climate and environmental felt responsibility, Journal of cleaner Production. 478. 143918. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.143918
  3. Collins, A., & Cooper, C. (2016). Measuring and managing the environmental impact of festivals: the contribution of the Ecological Footprint. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(1), 148–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1189922
  4. Donald C. Coope. (2013). The Event Safety Guide A Guide to Health, Safety and Welfareat LiveEntertainment Events in theUnited States. ISBN 978-0-9889154-0-4 (ebook). Event Safety Alliance of USA, Inc.
  5. Drumm, S. Bradley, C. Moriarty, F. (2022). ‘More of an art than a science’? The development, design and mechanics of the delphi technique. Res Soc Adm Pharm ;18(1):2230–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.06.027
  6. Expo Dubai, (2020). https://www.expo2020dubai.com/en/discover/sustainability
  7. Fataei, E., & Seiied Safavian, S. T. (2024). Comparative study on efficiency of ANP and PROMETHEE methods in locating MSW landfill sites. Anthropogenic Pollution, 1(1). https://oiccpress.com/ap/article/view/3396
  8. Foster, S. (2020). Global Policy Overview of Groundwater in Urban Development- A Tale of 10 Cities. Water. 12(2). 456. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020456
  9. Galletti, G.L. (2016). The expo we learned-the legacy of a mega-event in a circular economy prospective. italian minister for the environment-Rome, ISBN 978 - 88 – 87728 – 05 – 7 https://www.mase.gov.it/sites/default/files/archivio/allegati/impronta_ambientale/the_expo_we_learned_EN_web.pdf
  10. Jago, L.K. Deery, M. Fredline, L. Raybould, M. (2005). Triple Bottom Line Event Evaluation: a Proposed Framework for Holistic Event Evaluation. In: The Impacts of Events: Proceedings of International Event Research Conference. Allen, J, ed. Australian Centre for Event Management University of Technology, Sydney, Lindfield, N.S.W, pp. 2-15.
  11. Karam, A. Hussein, M. Reinau, K.H. (2021). Analysis of the barriers to implementing horizontal collaborative transport using a hybrid fuzzy Delphi-AHP approach, J. Clean. Prod. 321. 128943, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jclepro.2021.128943.
  12. Kim, S.S. Kim, M., Park, J., & Guo, Y. (2008). Cave tourism: tourists, characteristics, motivations to visit, and the segmentation of their behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 13(3): 299-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10941660802280448
  13. Li, J. Wang, J. Jingjing, Q. Liu, Y. (2022). How do exhibitors develop exhibition attachment? Evidence from China, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 50(6), 201-213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2022.02.011
  14. MCC, (2018).Statistical analysis report of China exhibition industry development. http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/article/ae/ai/201805/20180502741740.shtml/.
  15. Moslem, S. Deveci, M. Pilla, F. (2024). A novel best-worst method and Kendall model integration for optimal selection of digital voting tools to enhance citizen engagement in public decision making, Decis. Anal. J. 10 (Mar. 2024) 100378, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dajour.2023.100378.
  16. Nepal. (2019). Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Butwal Mandap (International Convention and Exhibition Centre) Submitted to: Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Environment Singhadurbar, Kathmandu Through Ministry of Urban Development Singhadurbar, Kathmandu Submitted by: Department of Urban Development and Building Construction Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal Prepared by: Lumbini Environmental Services . https://lens.com.np/cause-posts/eia-of-butwal-mandap-international-convention-centre-and-international-exhibition-centre/
  17. New Delhi. (2017). Environmental Impact Assessment for Exhibition cum Convention Centre, Dwarka, New Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Development Corporation (DMICDC) Laboratory Engaged. https://environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/FormB/EC/FORM_1/15022017GRH6AQEVAnnexure-FormI.pdf
  18. OXFORD ECONOMICS. (2012). The Economic Impact of the UK Exhibitions Industry Available online: www.facetime.org.uk/files/economic_impact_study_preview.
  19. Phichetkunbodee, N. Chantrawutikorn, M et al. (2023). Using the Delphi methodforselecting energy efficiency indicators in the Thailand context, Energy Reports 9. 408–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2023.09.037.
  20. Rezaei, j. (2015). Best-worst multi-criteria decision-making method . Omega. Volume 53, Pages 49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2014.11.009
  21. Shen, Shanshan (2012). The Environmental Impact of Expositions: A Study of Some Contributing Factors. Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington. Thesis. https://doi.org/10.26686/wgtn.16993444.
  22. Shang, Y. Pu, Y. Yu, Y. Gao, N et al. (2023). Role of the e exhibition industry in the green growth of businesses and recovery, Economic Change and Restructuring . 56:2003–2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-023-09502-y
  23. Taghipoorreyneh, M.. (2023). Mixed methods and the Delphi method, International Encyclopedia of Education (Fourth Edition), Pages 608-614. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-818630-5.11078-4
  24. Thompson, E. A. Alimo, P. Abudu, R. Pan, L. (2024). Towards sustainable freight transportation in Africa: Complementarity of the fuzzy Delphi and best-worst Methods, Sustainable Futures 8. 100371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100371
  25. UNEP. (2012). Sustainable Events guide.Give your large event a small foot print. United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN: 978-92-807-3277-1.
  26. UNEP. (2012). Final environmental review of the 2010 world exhibition ,Shanghai China. https://sdg.iisd.org/news/unep-reviews-environmental-impact-of-expo-2010-shanghai/
  27. UFI. (2019). The Exhibition Industry and UN SDGs - UFI , Greenview report. https://www.ufi.org/archive-research/the-exhibition-industry-and-un-sdgs-december-2019-2/
  28. UFI. (2019). Global economic impact of exhibitions. Available online: https://www.ufi.org/ wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Global_Economic_Impact_of_Exhibitions_Jun2020.pd f. (Accessed 12 November 2021).
  29. Xia, Q. Wang, S. Wong, JWC. (2023). The use of virtual exhibition to promote exhibitors’ proenvironmental behavior: The case study of Zhejiang Yiwu International Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Expo. PLoS ONE 18(11): e0294502. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294502
  30. Xi, L. Xinwei, S. Yunqian, Du. (2021). The environmental sustainability of an exhibition in visitors’ eyes: Scale development and validation, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 46. 172–182. DOI:10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.12.006
  31. Zhao, L. Rasoulinezhad, E. (2023). Role of natural resources utilization efciency in achieving green economic recovery: evidence from BRICS countries. Resour Policy 80:103164. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.resourpol.2022.103164
  32. Zhan, F., Luo, W., & Luo, J. (2020). Exhibition attachment: Effects on customer satisfaction, complaints and loyalty. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(6), 678–691. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2020.1754261