10.57647/j.jap.2024.0802.21

Identification of the effective components in liability and compensation for marine pollution in the light of international law

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  • Nahid Seyrafian1,
  • Mansour Pournouri*2,
  • Hamidreza Ghaffarzadeh3,
  • Reza Simbar4,
  1. Department of Environmental Law, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  2. Department of Law, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  3. Department of Environmental Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  4. Department of Political Science, Guilan University, Guilan, Iran
Identification of the effective components in liability and compensation for marine pollution in the light of international law

Received: 2024-09-10

Revised: 2024-12-27

Accepted: 2024-12-31

Published 2024-12-15

Copyright (c) 2025 Nahid Seyrafian, Mansour Pournouri, Hamidreza Ghaffarzadeh, Reza Simbar (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Seyrafian, N., Pournouri, M., Ghaffarzadeh, H., & Simbar, R. (2024). Identification of the effective components in liability and compensation for marine pollution in the light of international law. Anthropogenic Pollution, 8(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.57647/j.jap.2024.0802.21
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Abstract

The current work aimed to identify factors affecting liability and compensation for marine pollution in Iran. This applied research was conducted using a grounded theory and descriptive-analytical method. Following an in-depth survey and extraction of an initial list, 20 relevant experts selected by a snowball sampling method were interviewed to complete and validate the research process. The research findings revealed 60 open codes and 21 axial codes in a paradigm model. Five components identified as causal conditions included severity of environmental pollution, type of environmental damage, source of pollution, insurer conditions, and nature of the insured. Four components of contextual conditions involved type of environmental risks, level of risk, theoretical foundations, and national and cross-border cooperation. Five intervening factors were national laws and regulations, international environmental law and international treaties, international sanctions and restrictions, governance approach and government policies, and arbitration conditions. Interactional strategies consisted of facilitation, risk management and awareness raising. Consequences were found to be compensation for environmental damage, mechanism to prevent recurrence of similar incidents, and increasing trust and willingness to fulfill environmental commitments. To conclude, stressing and paying attention to international environmental laws can pave the way for environmental insurance activities in the country. Stressing and paying attention to international environmental laws can pave the way for environmental insurance activities in the country.

Keywords

  • Liability insurance,
  • Compensation for Marine Pollution,
  • Environmental damage,
  • International law
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