10.1007/s40095-018-0264-x

Assessing the nearly zero-energy building gap in university campuses with a feature extraction methodology applied to a case study in Spain

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  • Marc Medrano*1,
  • Josep Maria Martí1,
  • Lídia Rincón1,
  • Gerard Mor2,
  • Jordi Cipriano2,
  • Mohammed Farid3,
  1. Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Edifici CREA Universitat deLleida, Lleida, 25001, ES
  2. Building Energy and Environment Group, Centre Internacional de Mètodes Numèrics en Enginyeria (CIMNE), Terrassa, 08224, ES
  3. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, NZ
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Published in Issue 2018-02-08

How to Cite

Medrano, M., Martí, J. M., Rincón, L., Mor, G., Cipriano, J., & Farid, M. (2018). Assessing the nearly zero-energy building gap in university campuses with a feature extraction methodology applied to a case study in Spain. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 9(3 (September 2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-018-0264-x
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Abstract

Abstract Public universities face the challenge of retrofitting the actual campus buildings into nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB). In this study, a novel methodology for evaluating historical energy use and renewable energy production for all the buildings of a university, including hourly, daily and monthly data assessments is presented. This analysis is useful as a baseline for comparisons with future energy retrofits and enables determining the current gap between actual energy indicators at building and campus levels and the established limits for NZEB non-residential buildings in the European Union. The methodology is applied to a case study at the University of Lleida, a typical average-size university in Spain. Results show a wide variation in energy use among campus buildings, ranging between 50 and 470 kWh/m 2  year. Constant or slightly increasing energy use and decreasing trends in renewable energy generation are observed. The daily electricity profiles have shown similar patterns among buildings and substantial potential energy savings during unoccupied periods. In the NZEB analysis, the average non-renewable primary energy use is about 4 times higher than the maximum estimated Spanish threshold range of 45–55 kWh/m 2  year. Deep energy renovation strategies are, thus, needed for universities to meet EU NZEB targets.

Keywords

  • Energy consumption,
  • University building,
  • Building performance lines,
  • PV generation,
  • Nearly zero-energy buildings,
  • NZEB EU requirements
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