10.1007/s40095-015-0166-0

Exergoeconomic optimization of an ammonia–water hybrid absorption–compression heat pump for heat supply in a spray-drying facility

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  • Jonas K. Jensen*1,
  • Wiebke B. Markussen1,
  • Lars Reinholdt2,
  • Brian Elmegaard1,
  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, DK
  2. Danish Technological Institute, Århus, 8000, DK
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Published in Issue 2015-02-22

How to Cite

Jensen, J. K., Markussen, W. B., Reinholdt, L., & Elmegaard, B. (2015). Exergoeconomic optimization of an ammonia–water hybrid absorption–compression heat pump for heat supply in a spray-drying facility. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 6(2 (June 2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-015-0166-0
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Abstract

Abstract Spray-drying facilities are among the most energy intensive industrial processes. Using a heat pump to recover waste heat and replace gas combustion has the potential to attain both economic and emissions savings. In the case examined a drying gas of ambient air is heated to 200 °C yielding a heat load of 6.1 MW. The exhaust air from the drying process is 80 °C. The implementation of an ammonia–water hybrid absorption–compression heat pump to partly cover the heat load is investigated. A thermodynamic analysis is applied to determine optimal circulation ratios for a number of ammonia mass fractions and heat pump loads. An exergoeconomic optimization is applied to minimize the lifetime cost of the system. Technological limitations are imposed to constrain the solution to commercial components. The best possible implementation is identified in terms of heat load, ammonia mass fraction and circulation ratio. The best possible implementation is a 895 kW heat pump with an ammonia mass fraction of 0.82 and a circulation ratio of 0.43. This results in economic savings with a present value of 146,000 € and a yearly CO 2 emissions reduction of 227 ton.

Keywords

  • Spray-drying,
  • Hybrid heat pump,
  • Exergoeconomics,
  • High-temperature heat pump,
  • Ammonia–water,
  • Absorption
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