10.1007/s40095-019-0309-9

Effects of butanol–gasoline blends on SI engine performance, fuel consumption, and emission characteristics at partial engine speeds

HTML PDF
  • Tan Tien Huynh1,
  • Minh Duc Le*1,
  • Dinh Nghia Duong1,
  1. Faculty of Transportation Mechanical Engineering, The University of Danang, University of Science and Technology, Danang, VN
Cover Image

Published in Issue 2019-07-01

How to Cite

Huynh, T. T., Le, M. D., & Duong, D. N. (2019). Effects of butanol–gasoline blends on SI engine performance, fuel consumption, and emission characteristics at partial engine speeds. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 10(4 (December 2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-019-0309-9
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

HTML views: 115

PDF views: 127

Abstract

Abstract The effects of using butanol–gasoline-blended fuels on performance, fuel consumption, and emission characteristics of a four-cylinder spark-ignition engine were experimentally investigated. The butanol-blending fraction was varied from 10 to 50% by volume. The engine speeds were tested at 2250 and 4250 rpm, while the throttle positions were set at 30% and 70%. The engine performance, specific fuel consumption, and emission properties have been carried out and compared. The results show that, at high throttle position, the flame propagation speed of combustion process as using the butanol–gasoline blends decreases as increasing the butanol-blending fraction and this becomes more obvious with the increase of engine speed. The engine brake torque and power are improved, as the butanol-blending fraction is less than 30% at low open throttle position, while those are gradually decayed as increasing throttle opening level. A significant reduction is observed in specific fuel consumption, as the butanol-blending fraction is less than 30% for all the tests. The emissions of CO, HC, and CO 2 in the case of using butanol–gasoline blends are much better than those in the case of using pure gasoline. However, NOx emission is worse than that of the pure gasoline for all the test blends.

Keywords

  • Renewable energy,
  • Butanol–gasoline blend,
  • Fuel consumption,
  • Pollutant emissions,
  • Biofuel
HTML PDF

References

  1. Nel and Cooper (2009) Implications of fossil fuel constraints on economic growth and global warming 37(1) (pp. 166-180)
  2. Wallner, T., and Frazee, R. Study of regulated and non-regulated emissions from combustion of gasoline, alcohol fuels and their blends in a DI-SI engine. SAE technical paper, 2010
  3. Fleming and Chamberlin (2011) All-Party Parliamentary Group on Peak Oil, and The Lean Economy Connection
  4. Surisetty et al. (2011) Alcohols as alternative fuels: an overview 404(1–2) (pp. 1-11)
  5. Kumar et al. (2013) Advances in diesel–alcohol blends and their effects on the performance and emissions of diesel engines (pp. 46-72)
  6. Agarwal (2007) Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines 33(3) (pp. 233-271)
  7. Elfasakhany (2014) Experimental study on emissions and performance of an internal combustion engine fueled with gasoline and gasoline/n-butanol blends (pp. 277-283)
  8. Liu et al. (2007) Study of spark ignition engine fueled with methanol/gasoline fuel blends 27(11–12) (pp. 1904-1910)
  9. Venugopal and Ramesh (2013) Effective utilisation of butanol along with gasoline in a spark ignition engine through a dual injection system 59(1–2) (pp. 550-558)
  10. Zhen and Wang (2015) An overview of methanol as an internal combustion engine fuel (pp. 477-493)
  11. Elfasakhany (2017) Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: a comparative study (pp. 404-413)
  12. Li et al. (2017) Experimental comparative study on combustion, performance and emissions characteristics of methanol, ethanol and butanol in a spark ignition engine (pp. 53-63)
  13. Costa and Sodré (2011) Compression ratio effects on an ethanol/gasoline fuelled engine performance 31(2–3) (pp. 278-283)
  14. Celik (2008) Experimental determination of suitable ethanol–gasoline blend rate at high compression ratio for gasoline engine 28(5–6) (pp. 396-404)
  15. Shamsul et al. (2014) An overview on the production of bio-methanol as potential renewable energy (pp. 578-588)
  16. Leduc et al. (2010) Location of a biomass based methanol production plant: a dynamic problem in northern Sweden 87(1) (pp. 68-75)
  17. Akutsu et al. (1991) Effect of exhaust from alcohol fuel on ozone formation in the atmosphere 25(7) (pp. 1383-1389)
  18. Elfasakhany and Mahrous (2016) Performance and emissions assessment of n-butanol–methanol–gasoline blends as a fuel in spark-ignition engines 55(3) (pp. 3015-3024)
  19. Ozsezen and Canakci (2011) Performance and combustion characteristics of alcohol-gasoline blends at wide-open throttle 36(5) (pp. 2747-2752)
  20. Pourkhesalian et al. (2010) Alternative fuel and gasoline in an SI engine: a comparative study of performance and emissions characteristics 89(5) (pp. 1056-1063)
  21. Ghazikhani et al. (2013) Experimental investigation of performance improving and emissions reducing in a two stroke SI engine by using ethanol additives 2(4) (pp. 276-283)
  22. Moxey et al. (2016) A comparison of butanol and ethanol flame development in an optical spark ignition engine (pp. 27-38)
  23. Fournier et al. (2016) Evaluation of low concentrations of ethanol, butanol, BE, and ABE blended with gasoline in a direct-injection, spark-ignition engine (pp. 396-407)
  24. Turner et al. (2013) Extending the role of alcohols as transport fuels using iso-stoichiometric ternary blends of gasoline, ethanol and methanol (pp. 72-86)
  25. Canakci et al. (2013) Impact of alcohol–gasoline fuel blends on the exhaust emission of an SI engine (pp. 111-117)
  26. Chen et al. (2010) Gasoline displacement and NOx reduction in an SI engine by aqueous alcohol injection 89(3) (pp. 604-610)
  27. Gu et al. (2010) Laminar burning velocities and flame instabilities of butanol isomers–air mixtures 157(12) (pp. 2318-2325)
  28. Srinivasan and Saravanan (2010) Study of combustion characteristics of an SI engine fuelled with ethanol and oxygenated fuel additives 1(2) (pp. 85-91)
  29. He et al. (2013) Combustion and emission characteristics of a HCCI engine fuelled with n-butanol–gasoline blends (pp. 668-674)
  30. Merola et al. (2012) Experimental investigations of butanol-gasoline blends effects on the combustion process in a SI engine 3(1)
  31. Elfasakhany (2015) Experimental investigation on SI engine using gasoline and a hybrid iso-butanol/gasoline fuel (pp. 398-405)
  32. Feng et al. (2013) Experimental study on SI engine fuelled with butanol–gasoline blend and H2O addition (pp. 192-200)
  33. Singh et al. (2015) Technical feasibility study of butanol–gasoline blends for powering medium-duty transportation spark ignition engine (pp. 706-716)
  34. Galloni et al. (2016) Performance analyses of a spark-ignition engine firing with gasoline–butanol blends at partial load operation (pp. 319-326)
  35. Yang, J., Wang, Y., and Feng, R. The performance analysis of an engine fueled with butanol-gasoline blend. SAE Technical Paper, 2011
  36. Heywood (1988) McGraw Hill
  37. Bata et al. (1989) Emissions from IC engines fueled with alcohol–gasoline blends: a literature review 111(3) (pp. 424-431)
  38. Wallner et al. (2009) A comparison of ethanol and butanol as oxygenates using a direct-injection, spark-ignition engine 131(3)
  39. Lapuerta et al. (2010) Stability, lubricity, viscosity, and cold-flow properties of alcohol–diesel blends 24(8) (pp. 4497-4502)
  40. Jin et al. (2011) Progress in the production and application of n-butanol as a biofuel 15(8) (pp. 4080-4106)
  41. Deng et al. (2013) The challenges and strategies of butanol application in conventional engines: the sensitivity study of ignition and valve timing (pp. 248-260)
  42. Mittal et al. (2013) Study of performance and emission characteristics of a partially coated LHR SI engine blended with n-butanol and gasoline 52(3) (pp. 285-293)
  43. Broustail et al. (2012) Comparison of regulated and non-regulated pollutants with iso-octane/butanol and iso-octane/ethanol blends in a port-fuel injection spark-ignition engine (pp. 251-261)