10.1007/s40095-014-0099-z

Vapour phase transport of ethanol- and butanol-blended gasoline compounds in the vadose zone: a lysimeter experiment

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  • Ejikeme Ugwoha*1,
  1. Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, GB
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Published in Issue 2014-04-25

How to Cite

Ugwoha, E. (2014). Vapour phase transport of ethanol- and butanol-blended gasoline compounds in the vadose zone: a lysimeter experiment. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 5(2-3 (July 2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-014-0099-z
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Abstract

Abstract Lysimeter experiments were conducted to compare the vapour phase transport of 20 % ethanol- and butanol-blended gasoline (E20 and B20) compounds in soils using the unblended gasoline (UG) compounds as the standard. Sand containing approximately 0 and 5 % organic matter (0 %f om and 5 %f om ) was used to simulate the vadose zone. The 5 %f om soil promoted higher vapour phase transport of compounds than the 0 %f om soil due to its higher porosity, hence, was used to compare the transport to the groundwater zone of the different gasoline blends. The addition of 20 % alcohol by volume to gasoline reduced the retentive capability of the soil for gasoline compound vapours and thus resulted in greater downward transport and higher accumulation of gasoline compounds in the groundwater zone. The transport of gasoline compounds from the vadose zone to the groundwater zone was found to be in the order of E20 > B20 > UG, indicating that the risk of groundwater contamination with gasoline compounds after a spill or leak is more likely to be greater for ethanol-blended gasoline compared with butanol-blended gasoline.

Keywords

  • Lysimeter,
  • Ethanol-blended gasoline,
  • Butanol-blended gasoline,
  • Vapour phase transport,
  • Groundwater contamination
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