OICC Press Trends in Phytochemical Research 2588-3631 5 4 2021 12 01 Arq ajwain protects nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on high-fat diet-induced obese rat 209 221 EN Md Rafiul Haque School of Pharmacy, Al-Karim University, Bihar, India|School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 62, India Md Afroz Ahmad Department of Prmhacology, Integral University, Lucknow (U.P), India Kamran Ashraf Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi MARA (UITM), Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malasiya Md Habban Akhter School of Pharmaceutical and population Health information (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India Mohammad Jameel RRIUM, CCRUM Aligarh (UP), India Abuzer Ali Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. box 21944, Saudi Arabia Wasim Akhtar School of Pharmacy, Al-Karim University, Bihar, India Monika Dhaka School of Pharmaceutical and population Health information (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, India Kavita Rana Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida (UP), India Journal Article 2021 12 01 In the present study, we investigated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of arq ajwain (AA) against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on a high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese rat model. After 4 weeks of the treatment, AA (4 mL/kg, twice a day) and AA1 (7.75 mL/kg, twice a day) treatments reduced body weight, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TG), glucose, insulin, leptin, pancreatic lipase activity and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (p < 0.001). AA, AA1, and thymol (T) treatments also decreased lipids (TG and TC) levels and increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels in hepatic tissue (p < 0.001). Moreover, treatment groups considerably reduced hepatic inflammation, steatosis, hepatocellular ballooning, and fibrosis. These results recommend that arq ajwain has a strong protective effect against NAFLD in HFD induced obese rat models.