OICC Press Trends in Phytochemical Research 2588-3631 2 2 2018 06 01 Genetic variability of agronomic traits and biodiversity in the genus Ocimum 103 110 EN Rajendra P. Patel Biology Central Facility, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow (U.P.), PIN-226015, India Rakshapal Singh Biology Central Facility, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow (U.P.), PIN-226015, India Raj Kishori Lal Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow (U.P.), PIN-226015, India Pankhuri Gupta Department of Bio-technology, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow (U.P.), PIN-226015, India Anju Kesarwani Biology Central Facility, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow (U.P.), PIN-226015, India Nitu Goyal Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow (U.P.), PIN-226015, India Journal Article 2018 06 01 The present study was performed to explore genetic and chemotypic variability among five Ocimum species. Genotypes were evaluated from pooled data over three locations for two consecutive years (2007-2009). High genotypic coefficient variation and phenotypic coefficient variation was observed for leaf area (63.55 and 63.80, respectevely), essential oil yield (40.37 and 41.0, respectevely) and leaf width (33.91 and 39.29, respectevely). Maximum heritability estimate in broad sence was observed for leaf area (99.20%) and leaf length (98.79%) and essential oil (98.36%). High genetic advance over mean was observed for the essential oil yield (80.59%), leaf width (74.43%), leaf length (69%) and essential oil content (64.71%). In addition, path coefficient analysis showed maximum positive direct effects of plant canopy (4.21), leaf width (3.8), followed by essential oil (2.49%) and fresh herb yield (0.95). The essential oils of Ocimum species were grouped in four chemical groups of compounds. The accessions of O. tenuiflorum, O. basilicum and O. gratissimum were found to be rich with phenylpropanoids.The results clearly showed variation in important economic traits can facilitate selection for further improvement inOcimum genotypes.