OICC Press Progress in Biomaterials 2194-0517 8 1 (March 2019) 2019 02 06 Effects of theobromine addition on chemical and mechanical properties of a conventional glass ionomer cement 10.1007/s40204-019-0107-8 EN Fabricio Marcelo Cevallos González Inter Institutional PhD Program at School of Dentistry of University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, BR School of Dentistry, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, EC Erika Michele dos Santos Araújo Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, BR Maria Regina Lorenzetti Simionato Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, BR Luciana Kfouri Siriani Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, BR Ana Del Carmen Armas Vega School of Dentistry, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, EC Igor Studart Medeiros Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR Adriana Bona Matos Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-000, BR Journal Article 2019 02 06 Abstract In vitro effect of 1% theobromine addition on the physical and chemical properties of conventional glass ionomer (GIC) cement was investigated. Conventional GIC (GIC-C) and 1% theobromine added to GIC (GIC-THEO) specimens were compared regarding the microhardness ( n  = 10), sorption ( n  = 5), solubility ( n  = 5), color change ( n  = 10), fluoride release in saliva ( n  = 10) and the amount of biofilm deposition ( n  = 20). Compared against conventional GIC, adding 1% theobromine increased microhardness ( p   0.05) remained unchanged. On the other hand, Streptococcus mutans biofilm amount deposited on its surface decreased statistically when theobromine was added to GIC ( p