OICC Press Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering 2345-3796 19 1 (March 2025) 2025 06 16 Global energy consumption trends 10.57647/j.mjee.2025.1901.09 EN Lanre Olatomiwa Federal University of Technology/Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Minna, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-4974 Harrison O. Idakwo Federal University of Technology/Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Minna, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-0154 Winner S. Olusola Federal University of Technology/Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Minna, Nigeria Chidera Ezeh Federal University of Technology/Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Minna, Nigeria Journal Article 2025 06 16 Energy consumption is becoming a pressing concern in today’s digital era, driven by the rapid pace of innovation and the increasing demand for faster computational devices. Over the decades, global energy consumption trends have undergone significant changes, with far-reaching implications for the environment, economy, and society. This paper is aimed at conducting a comprehensive analysis of the trend in global energy consumption focusing on the interplay between economic growth, technological advancements, and environmental sustainability and assessing whether consumption increased or decreased as well as examining the factors driving these changes. The study covers a time span from 1900 historical data with a projection of up to 2050 to contemporary energy  scenarios and examines energy consumption patterns across various countries like China, USA, India, South Korea, South Africa and Australia with particular emphasis on both developed and emerging markets. Utilizing an empirical methodology that includes data collection from reputable sources such as the Energy Institute and the U.S Department of Energy and analytical techniques, the study employs quantitative analysis to assess shifts in energy consumption and the transition towards renewable energy sources. The main findings indicate a significant increase in global energy demand driven by population growth and urbanization, alongside a notable shift towards renewable energy adoption. The study highlights the critical role of technological innovations in enhancing energy  efficiency and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Furthermore, it identifies the need for comprehensive policy frameworks that promotesustainable energy practices and investment in renewable technologies. The relevant policy implications from the study suggest that governments and stakeholders must prioritize the development of policies that facilitate the transition to renewable energy, enhance energy efficiency, and support technological advancements. By addressing these areas, the study contributes to the discourse on achieving a sustainable energy future and mitigating the environmental impacts of energy consumption.