OICC Press Journal of Solid Mechanics 2008-7683 17 3 2025 11 24 Investigation the Effective parameters on wrinkling in Deep Drawing Process of Al/PP/St Three-Layer Sheet 280 300 10.60664/jsm.2025.1195416 EN Pouya Sadeghi Aliabdi Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch Javad Jafari Faculty of Engineering Najafabad branch Islamic Azad University Amir Atrian Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch Journal Article 2025 11 24 Deep drawing is a process for forming sheets that is widely used in various industries, and wrinkling is a major defect in this process. The aim of this study is to analyze and investigate the effective parameters (blank holder force (BHF), thickness, and lubrication) on wrinkling by using the bifurcation method in the deep drawing process of St/PP/Al three-layer sheet. First, using a bifurcation method, a theoretical equation for predicting the wrinkling in the deep drawing process was obtained. Second, the process was modeled using the Finite Element (FE) simulations. To ensure the accuracy of the FE modeling, the results of the present study were compared with experimental results. Then the analytical results were correlated well with FE results in predicting the number of wrinkles. The results showed that with simultaneous increase of BHF and increase of thickness, the wrinkling height decreases. Also, with decreasing in the lubrication between the sheet and the deep drawing components to a certain extent, the height of the wrinkling of the flange edge decreases.