OICC Press Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry 2193-8865 11 4 (December 2021) 2021 08 27 In situ-grown Co3O4 nanorods on carbon cloth for efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of urea 10.1007/s40097-021-00441-6 EN Shidong Li College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410114, CN Jincheng Fan College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410114, CN Songyang Li College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410114, CN Yong Ma School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, CN Jianghong Wu College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518118, CN Hongguang Jin College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410114, CN Zisheng Chao College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410114, CN Duo Pan Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, US Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, CN Zhanhu Guo Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, US Journal Article 2021 08 27 Abstract Co 3 O 4 nanorods were successfully synthesized by a facile two-step method and showed outstanding electrochemical performances in KOH and urea electrolyte. The Co 3 O 4 nanorods showed high purity phase and covered the surface of carbon cloth. As the electrode materials for hydrogen generation, it only required the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) overpotential of 0.46 V to deliver the current density of 40 mA/cm 2 for HER and urea oxidation reaction potential (UOR vs RHE) of 1.62 V at 10 mA/cm 2 . Remarkably, the assembled electrolyzer with Co 3 O 4 /CC and Pt foil as two electrodes demonstrated low potentials and a stable long cycle life. Therefore, the study displays a promising direction to explore the practical and effective ways for hydrogen production by overall urea electrolysis. Graphic abstract