TY - EJOUR
AU - Hibino, Kohei
AU - Takakura, Koji
AU - Nugroho, Sudarmanto Budi
AU - Nakano, Ryoko
AU - Ismaria, Ria
AU - Haryati, Tati
AU - Yulianti, Deti
AU - Zusman, Eric
AU - Fujino, Junichi
AU - Akagi, Junko
PY - 2023
DA - November
TI - Performance of Takakura composting method in the decentralised composting center and its comparative study on environmental and economic impacts in Bandung city, Indonesia
T2 - International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture
VL - 12
L1 - https://oiccpress.com/international-journal-of-recycling-of-organic-waste-in-agriculture/article/performance-of-takakura-composting-method-in-the-decentralised-composting-center-and-its-comparative-study-on-environmental-and-economic-impacts-in-bandung-city-indonesia/
DO - 10.30486/ijrowa.2022.1945234.1379
N2 - Purpose Takakura Composting Method (TCM) is a simple and cost-effective aerobic composting method using locally available materials and has been widely introduced in Indonesia and other countries. This study tracked the progress of scaling the TCM up to 1 tonne/day of organic waste input at the decentralised composting centre in Bandung City, Indonesia. A comparative study was conducted to assess the environmental and economic impacts by using the performance data of TCM. Method A combination of Life Cycle Assessment and Cost-Benefit Analysis were performed to compare the net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and Net Present Value (NPV) of six different municipal solid waste treatment scenarios to treat 1 tonne of food waste. The impacts were also assessed between different system boundaries with or without compost use, and by applying different emission factors for composting to the static windrow and TCM. Results  Home composting showed the least GHG emissions (-601 kg CO2-eq/t) and highest NPV (Indonesian Rupiahs (IDR) 518,790/tonne) and is thus suggested to be the most favourable option. While the least favourable options were either landfilling which showed the highest GHG emissions (628 kg CO2-eq/t), or incineration which showed the lowest NPV (IDR -818,373/tonne). Conclusion As the home composting was not considered to be a realistic option for wide application, a combination of one large centralised composting centre and a small decentralised composting centre in each sub-district is suggested in the case of Bandung City. Highlights Home composting scenario showed least GHG emissions and the highest net present value Landfilling scenario showed the highest GHG emissions and the incineration scenario showed the lowest net present value Expanded system boundary with compost use revealed higher emissions and more costly compared to a system boundary without compost use but the differences were limited Application of different emission factors for composting revealed limited differences in net emissions due to a large amount of avoided emissions from the landfilling and transportation 
IS - 1
PB - OICC Press
KW - Cost-benefit analysis, Greenhouse gas emissions, Life cycle assessment, Municipal solid waste management, Net Present Value 
EN -