OICC Press International Nano Letters 2228-5326 3 1 (December 2013) 2013 07 15 Morphology dependence on anions in hydrothermal synthesis of Co3O4 10.1186/2228-5326-3-44 EN Wei-Min Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, CN Meng Chen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, CN Yao-Quan Jiang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, CN Journal Article 2013 07 15 Abstract One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures of Co 3 O 4 were synthesized via a mild hydrothermal route. The results of XRD, IR, and TEM revealed a phase transformation was accompanied by the replacement of NO 3 − with CO 3 2− throughout the hydrothermal process. The symmetric types and amount of NO 3 − and CO 3 2− intercalated between the brucite layers played an important role in the formation of nanowires from the hydrothermal system. The amount of CO 3 2− increased as the hydrothermal reaction proceeded. The substitution of CO 3 2− for NO 3 − led to a variation of interlayer forces thus resulted in the instability of intralayer interactions. Therefore, a shape transformation from sheets to wires occurred. Upon calcination, the shapes of precursors were preserved, and 1D nanostructures of Co 3 O 4 resulted.