10.1007/s40089-022-00391-z

Nanoparticles: a promising vehicle for the delivery of therapeutic enzymes

  • Swati Tripathi1,
  • Mohammed Haris Siddiqui1,
  • Awanish Kumar2,
  • Archana Vimal*1,
  1. Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, UP, IN
  2. Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, CG, IN

Published 2022-12-24

How to Cite

Tripathi, S., Siddiqui, M. H., Kumar, A., & Vimal, A. (2022). Nanoparticles: a promising vehicle for the delivery of therapeutic enzymes. International Nano Letters , 13(3-4 (December 2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-022-00391-z

Abstract

Abstract Nanomedicine and nanodelivery are a very fast-growing domains of science where materials in the nanoscale range are synthesized for the conjugation of drug molecules to deliver therapeutic agents in a controlled way for effective therapy. Nanomedicine has several outstanding applications in the treatment of various diseases, such as chemotherapeutic agents, biological agents, and immunotherapy agents. Recent advances in materials science and protein engineering have created targeted delivery of therapeutic enzymes using nanocarriers (NCs) for the effective treatment of cancer, AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), etc. Several NCs have been approved as drug delivery agents for clinical use as a current treatment model. Drugs associated with specially designed carriers such as cell-specific enzymes can lead to effective targeting. In this way, a drug can be transferred to the position of action, thus minimizing its influence on other essential tissues and undesirable side effects. This type of therapy is crucial for cases with a lack of surety about drug concentration, dose, and respective therapeutic outcomes. Despite their advantages, it has some disadvantages, such as toxicity, environmental harm, and organ damage caused by nanoparticles. But overall, nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic enzyme delivery could lead to the establishment of promising strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, management, and cure of many diseases. Therapeutic enzymes hold a promising place in the medical industry as it is used in disease treatment, diagnosis, and in drug synthesis. However, their stability, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic behavior, and reusability is a major concern. These challenges can be addressed with suitable drug carriers. This review deals with some therapeutic enzymes (a glance) and their industrial application and gives details of nanoparticles used in drug delivery, especially the delivery of therapeutic enzymes using nanoparticle and their prospects.

Keywords

  • Therapeutic enzymes,
  • Nanoparticles,
  • Targeted delivery,
  • Effective treatment

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