OICC Press International Journal of Political Science 2228-6217 11 3 2021 09 01 The Relationship between Religion and Government in Neo- Mu'tazilite Thoughts with an Emphasis on the Thoughts of Mohammed Arkoun 41 61 EN Abasalat Abbasi Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law & Political Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran Jalal Dorakhshah Department of Political Science, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Political Science, Imam Sadegh (AS) University, Tehran, Iran Hossein Ali Nozari Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law & Political Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran Journal Article 2021 09 01 The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between religion and government in neo-Mu'tazilite ideas with an emphasis on the thought of Mohammed Arkoun. The present research is fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of implementa-tion method. Data collection is done through library studies, documentation, and filing of study sources. Research findings confirm that the most important goal of the pillaris the revival of religion in the context of human life. Emphasizing the revelation of the Holy Qu-ran, he removed the sanctity from this valuable book and placed it in a secular sense. Ac-cording to the Islamic pillar, it is a comprehensive and complete religion that emphasizes ethics in human relations, and fully implement it in human societies, there is a need to re-read and re-know Islam.