International Journal of Nano Dimension
type: channel
description: International Journal of Nano Dimension (Abbreviation: Int J Nano Dimens) is an international, double-blind peer-reviewed open access, online journal originally published four times a year by the Tonekabon branch of the IAU, Iran. The new publisher of this journal is OICC Press. IJND aims to provide an academic medium to present and disseminate scientific discoveries and technological advances related to the materials with at least one dimension sized in the range of 1 to 100 nano-meters. IJND is a forum for scientific exchange and communication of materials scientists and engineers as well as other researchers working in different fields that nanoscience can be applied to such as biology, chemistry, electronics, energy engineering, environmental science and medical sciences. IJND is fully open access and full texts of published articles are available to the public through the journal’s website for free. Moreover, manuscript submission and publication processing of accepted manuscripts are free of charge. Latest News: We would like to inform all authors and contributors that, effective 1st October 2025, an Article Processing Charge (APC) will apply to all manuscripts submitted on or after this date that are accepted for publication in the International Journal of Nano Dimension, ISSN: 2008-8868, E-ISSN: 2228-5059. Journal DOI: 10.57647/IJND Journal Abbreviation: Int. J. Nano Dimens. Journal Title Acronym: IJND Journal Owner: Islamic Azad University Publisher: Islamic Azad University, Co-publishing, OICC Press, UK
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Nano Dimension
issn: 2008-8868
items: Antibacterial Activity of Nisin Incorporated into Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticles as a biopreservator agent in sausage
items: Exciting future of nanotechnology in renewable energy sector
items: Band gap enhancement and violet luminescence from chemically synthesized Copper Oxide nanospindles and its antimicrobial activity against S. Aureus and K. Pneumoniae
items: Green synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane scaffolds as valuable biological materials catalyzed by Fe3O4/SiO2/PPA as a magnetic nanocatalyst
items: The effect of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide content on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes and induction of apoptosis in the PC3 cell line
items: Synthesis of Potassium-Silica Nanofluid Fertilizer from Banana Peel and Rice Husk Waste for The Growth of Sweet Corn Plants
items: Oriented external electric field effect on the adsorption of vanadocene dichloride (VDC) anticancer drug on C@Al12 cluster
items: Influence of tannic acid pH on the crystallographic structure and electrical properties of ZnO nanostructured thin films
items: Development of a health risk management framework in workplaces handling nanomaterials using multi-criteria decision-making methods
items: Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical industrial effluent using TiO₂ and N-Doped TiO₂ nanoparticles under natural sunlight: A comparative study
items: The capability of pure and metal-encapsulated all boron fullerenes (B40) as nanocarriers for β-Lapachone anticancer drug delivery: DFT study
items: A novel hazelnut shell/magnetite bio-nanoadsorbents for enhanced oil removal from oil-contaminated waters
items: Leveraging the therapeutic role of nanotechnology in Osteoporosis management: Current progress and perspectives
items: DFT study of HCl the clusters under nano confinement of Carbon Fullerenes
items: Endophytic nanoparticles: Promising growth promoter, modulate biochemical constitutes in Vigna radiata seedlings, and antifungal activity
items: Recent advances in employing nanoemulsions in food science: An update
items: https://oiccpress.com/ijnd/article/view/16993
items: DFT assessments on a Chitosan-modified nanocone scaffold for the adsorption of ciclopirox antifungal drug to provide insights into the engineering a potential nano-based drug delivery platform
items: A novel approach for oral delivery of ZINC using Zinc Sulfate solid lipid nanoparticles
items: Optimizing thermal efficiency: A Study on parabolic trough solar collector performance with nanofluids and fin designs
items: Evaluation of the catalytic and in-vitro anticancer potential of Gold nanoparticles synthesized using clammy cherry (Cordia Obliqua Willd)
items: Synthesis, characterization of Graphene Oxide/ZnO/Al2O3 nanocomposite Aerogel and its electrochemical application
items: Elucidating the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of tin-doped manganese Sulphide (TMS) nanomaterials
items: Feature-driven fruit classification using leveraging machine learning algorithms and nano semiconductor sensors
items: Drug nanocrystals: A review of their application in the topical treatment of skin infections
items: Effect of reinforcements, temperature and defect on mechanical properties of aluminum nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanotube and graphene: A molecular dynamics study
items: Effects of chirality and functionalization of carbon nanotubes as nanocarriers on the adsorption of Lenalidomide anticancer drug: Insights from molecular dynamics simulation
items: Improvement of digital and analog/RF performances of stacked gate oxide JLTFET using heterostructure and lightly doped drain
items: Design and simulation of concentrator plasmonic nanostructure optical antenna to improve the performance of Li-Fi communication technology
items: Green-synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles with pyrogallol functionalization: A novel approach using cowdung extract for anticancer applications

Antibacterial Activity of Nisin Incorporated into Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticles as a biopreservator agent in sausage
type: item
description: This study investigates the antimicrobial effects of nisin extracted from Lactococcus lactis and the enhancement of its antimicrobial effect by incorporation into chitosan/alginate nanoparticles. Native strains of Lactococcus lactis were isolated from milk samples and the presence of the nisin gene was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nisin concentration was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that out of ten isolated strains, four strains (L1, L3, L8 and L9) showed genetic similarity to Lactococcus lactis with percentages of 82.45%, 79.87%, 93.33% and 79.87%, respectively. The optimal growth conditions for the most effective strain were determined at 30°C and pH 7 with an optical density of 5.51 at 600 nm. Nisin extract showed a significant inhibitory zone of 19 mm against Bacillus cereus, while nisin-containing nanoparticles showed an enhanced inhibitory effect of 20 mm. Furthermore, the results showed that the combination of nisin-containing nanoparticles significantly improved the antimicrobial activity compared to nisin alone. This study showed that nisin incorporated into nanoparticles effectively retained its antimicrobial properties, indicating its potential as a valuable model for biopreservation of food. These findings emphasize the importance of using natural antimicrobials in food preservation.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Antimicrobial properties
  topic: keywords
subject: Lactococcus
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Nisin
  topic: keywords
subject: Preservation
  topic: keywords
creator: Homa Khorasani
creator: Seyed Mansour Meybodi
creator: Nadia Kazemipour
creator: Sayed Mohammad Reza Khoshroo
creator: Mohammad Mehdi Motaghi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Homa Khorasani, Seyed Mansour Meybodi, Nadia Kazemipour, Sayed Mohammad Reza Khoshroo, Mohammad Mehdi Motaghi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-27
publication date: 2025-10-27
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1702.02

Exciting future of nanotechnology in renewable energy sector
type: item
description: Fossil fuels have historically been the foundation of our energy system, driving both industries and households. Nevertheless, we are becoming more aware of the constraints of these resources, which are not only limited but also significant contributors to the troubling increase in greenhouse gas emissions. This realization marks a crucial moment in our timeline, a unique opportunity to begin a transformative shift towards renewable energy options. These alternatives hold the promise of satisfying the rising energy needs of the planet in a manner that is both effective and environmentally friendly. Within the multitude of innovative technologies emerging during this transition, nanotechnology stands out as particularly remarkable. By precisely manipulating materials at the atomic and molecular levels, it uncovers immense potential to improve renewable energy sources while also tackling the pressing issues brought about by climate change. Utilizing this advanced method, we can unlock new efficiencies, enhance energy storage capabilities, and tap into natural forces in ways we have only just started to envision. Together, we can create a pathway to a brighter, cleaner future that can fulfil human needs while respecting and maintaining the delicate balance of our valuable ecosystems. This is our opportunity to welcome change and innovation for a sustainable future. This analysis investigates the various ways nanotechnology can promote advancements in renewable energy. It looks into different applications, such as solar cells and biofuels, underlining the crucial role that nanotechnology plays in enabling the shift to sustainable energy sources. The paper highlights the importance of continued research and development in this area, demonstrating how these nanoscale innovations can lead us toward a future dependent on clean, renewable energy.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bioenergy
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy Storage
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanotechnology
  topic: keywords
subject: Renewable Energy
  topic: keywords
subject: Wind Energy
  topic: keywords
creator: Rama Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rama Sharma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-27
publication date: 2025-10-27
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1702.01

Band gap enhancement and violet luminescence from chemically synthesized Copper Oxide nanospindles and its antimicrobial activity against S. Aureus and K. Pneumoniae
type: item
description: A simple wet-chemical method has been deployed to synthesize copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures. FESEM images revealed the formation of uniform-sized, spindle-like nanostructures. The TEM image revealed that the nanospindles are composed of several small crystallites. The distinct diffraction peaks in the XRD pattern confirm well-crystalline nanostructures and the average crystallite size was ~10 nm. FTIR spectra revealed the formation of Cu-O bonds. The band gap of the nanocrystals was calculated from the absorption spectra and was estimated to be 3.28 eV. Quantum confinement effect is therefore found to be very significant in these nanocrystals, manifested by the band gap enhancement. The synthesized CuO nanospindles exhibit strong photoluminescence peaked at ~ 407 nm owing to band-to-band transition. This emission peak is due to the transition associated with low energy peaks at ~ 461 nm due to shallow levels created below the bottom of the conduction band. The nanostructure showed significant antimicrobial activity against S. Aureus (Gram-positive) and K. Pneumoniae (Gram-negative) bacteria as studied by agar well diffusion technique. The zone of inhibition depends on the concentration of nanoparticles as revealed from the study. Therefore, the synthesized CuO is of immense potential for optoelectronics and biomedical applications.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Antimicrobial
  topic: keywords
subject: Band-gap
  topic: keywords
subject: Crystallite
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanospindles
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantum-confinement
  topic: keywords
creator: Suvayan Mandal
creator: Pinaki Chakraborty
creator: Pijus Kanti Samanta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Suvayan Mandal, Pinaki Chakraborty, Pijus Kanti Samanta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-12
publication date: 2025-10-12
doi: 10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-08

Green synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane scaffolds as valuable biological materials catalyzed by Fe3O4/SiO2/PPA as a magnetic nanocatalyst
type: item
description: This study applied Fe3O4/SiO2/PPA magnetic nanocatalyst as a solid acid catalyst to produce bis(indolyl)methane derivatives (BIMs) under solvent-free conditions and at 50Oc. FTIR, XRD, EDX, FESEM, HRTEM, and BET were used for structure confirmation. The catalyst was environmentally friendly, heterogeneous, and recyclable without loss of catalytic activity. Also, this catalyst had high efficiency for the synthesis of bis(indolyl) methanes and the reaction products were obtained quickly. The synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes from the reaction between indole derivatives and aldehydes has been carried out in short reaction times (5-30 min) with good to excellent yields (65-96%) using 50 mg of magnetic nanocatalyst at solvent-free conditions.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Biological materials
  topic: keywords
subject: Bis(indolyl)methanes
  topic: keywords
subject: Fe3O4/SiO2/PPA
  topic: keywords
subject: Indole
  topic: keywords
subject: Magnetic nanocatalyst
  topic: keywords
subject: Solvent free
  topic: keywords
creator: Fatemeh Chaltash
creator: Seyed Mohammad Vahdat
creator: Roberto Acevedo
creator: Soheila Ghanbari
creator: Mohammad Qandalee
creator: Carlos J. Durán-Valle
creator: Ignacio M. Lopez-Coca
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Fatemeh Chaltash, Seyed Mohammad Vahdat, Roberto Acevedo , Soheila Ghanbari , Mohammad Qandalee, Carlos J. Durán-Valle , Ignacio M. Lopez-Coca (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-12
publication date: 2025-10-12
doi: 10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-07

The effect of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide content on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes and induction of apoptosis in the PC3 cell line
type: item
description: Research into anti-cancer compounds from natural sources, such as Ganoderma lucidum and chitosan, and the development of their delivery systems, is a highly promising field. This study focused on developing nanocarriers of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides-chitosan and evaluating their effects on the expression of the Bax and Bcl-2 genes in the PC3 cell line. The extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum involved heating the material in water at 70 °C, followed by treatment with 96% ethanol and subsequent protein removal to purify the polysaccharides. These polysaccharides were successfully incorporated into chitosan nanoparticles via ion-exchange copolymerization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilized to examine the morphology and chemical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. The effects of the chitosan-polysaccharide nanoparticles and free polysaccharides on gene expression were assessed using real-time PCR after treating PC3 cells with various concentrations. The results showed that the nanoparticles and polysaccharides increased Bax gene expression by 4.6-fold and 5.56-fold, respectively, while decreasing Bcl-2 expression by 0.64-fold and 0.81-fold, respectively. These observed changes indicate that apoptosis was induced in PC3 cells. Nanoparticles composed of polysaccharides and chitosan show promise for future prostate cancer therapies; however, additional in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Bax
  topic: keywords
subject: Bcl-2
  topic: keywords
subject: Chitosan
  topic: keywords
subject: Ganoderma lucidum
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoparticle
  topic: keywords
subject: Prostate cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: PC3
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohaddeseh Larypoor
creator: Mahnaz Joodi Ghareh Shiran
creator: Hoora Dadgostar
creator: Maryam Bikhof Torbati
creator: Shahrzad Sadeghi Amjad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohaddeseh Larypoor, Mahnaz Joodi Ghareh Shiran, Hoora Dadgostar, Maryam Bikhof Torbati, Shahrzad Sadeghi Amjad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-12
publication date: 2025-10-12
doi: 10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-06

Synthesis of Potassium-Silica Nanofluid Fertilizer from Banana Peel and Rice Husk Waste for The Growth of Sweet Corn Plants
type: item
description: The increasing market demand for sweet corn has made it a widely cultivated crop among local farmers. One method of enhancing sweet corn productivity is combining potassium sulfate nanofertilizers from banana peel waste and nanosilica from rice husk waste. Nanosilica was synthesized using the sol–gel method; nanopotassium sulfate was synthesized by precipitating potassium using ammonium sulfate. Characterization results from FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), FESEM-EDX (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray), and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) showed that the potassium–silica nanofluid fertilizer had a particle size of 8.6 nm. A single application of nanosilica enhanced the vegetative growth of sweet corn. Applying nanopotassium sulfate significantly increased plant height, especially in the S3W1 treatment 28 DAS (days after sowing). The combination of application time and concentration of potassium–silica nanofluid fertilizer had a significant effect on plant height. Best results were obtained with a concentration of 5 mL applied 35 DAS.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
creator: Aulia Dewi Rosanti
creator: Nur Fitriyah
creator: Widyana Rahmatika
creator: Fahmi Hidayat
creator: Nunuk Helilusiatiningsih
creator: Yuly Kusumawati
creator: Yatim Lailun Ni’mah
creator: Dina Oktavia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aulia Dewi Rosanti, Nur Fitriyah, Widyana Rahmatika, Fahmi Hidayat, Nunuk Helilusiatiningsih, Yuly Kusumawati , Yatim Lailun Ni’mah, Dina Oktavia (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-12
publication date: 2025-10-12
doi: 10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-05

Oriented external electric field effect on the adsorption of vanadocene dichloride (VDC) anticancer drug on C@Al12 cluster
type: item
description: This work examined the oriented external electric field (OEEF) along x, y, and z-axes in the interaction between vanadocene dichloride (VDC) anticancer drug and C@Al12 cluster. OEEF effect on the electronic energy and interaction energy values was studied. These results indicated weaker adsorption in VDC…C@Al12 complex in the presence of OEEF along the z-axis than x, and y-axes. Variations of polarity and frontier orbital energy values of the molecule with strength of OEEF were reported. Greater polarity was found with higher OEEF strength. The most contribution in the SOMO and LUMO of the VDC…C@Al12 complex were belonged to C@Al12 and VDC moieties, respectively. Also, dependencies of reactivity parameters on OEEF strength were provided. Cl×××Al interactions were illustrated with electron localization function (ELF) and charge displacement curves (CDC) results.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Charge displacement curves (CDC)
  topic: keywords
subject: C@Al12 (E=C, Si) cluster
  topic: keywords
subject: Electron localization function (ELF)
  topic: keywords
subject: Oriented external electric field (OEEF)
  topic: keywords
subject: Vanadocene dichloride (VDC)
  topic: keywords
creator: Reza Ghiasi
creator: Alireza Valizadeh
creator: Aram Afkhami
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Reza Ghiasi, Alireza Valizadeh, Aram Afkhami (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-12
publication date: 2025-10-12
doi: 10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-04

Influence of tannic acid pH on the crystallographic structure and electrical properties of ZnO nanostructured thin films
type: item
description: This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the structural, chemical, and electronic properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) and tannic acid-functionalized ZnO (ZnO–TA) nanostructures, synthesized via a green hydrothermal route under controlled pH conditions. FESEM revealed that pristine ZnO crystallized into well-defined nanorods, whereas incorporation of TA at acidic pH values induced a morphological transition towards interconnected networks, concomitant with elevated carbon incorporation. FTIR confirmed the presence of Zn–O vibrational modes alongside characteristic peaks corresponding to carbonyl, ester, and hydroxyl functionalities, evidencing successful surface modification by TA. The four-point probe I–V measurements demonstrated linear ohmic behaviour and a significant enhancement in lateral conductivity, reaching up to 10⁻⁸ S·cm⁻¹, surpassing previously reported benchmarks for similar systems. Hall effect measurements consistently indicated n-type conductivity across all samples. Notably, carrier mobility peaked at pH 5, attributed to effective passivation of surface trap states by TA’s functional groups. In contrast, excessive TA loading at pH 3 resulted in increased carrier concentrations but diminished mobility, likely due to nanoparticle aggregation and enhanced grain boundary scattering. These findings demonstrate the pivotal influence of pH and TA concentration in tailoring the morphology, surface chemistry and charge transport characteristics of ZnO nanostructures.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Green Hydrothermal Synthesis
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanostructures
  topic: keywords
subject: PET Thin Film
  topic: keywords
subject: Tannic Acid
  topic: keywords
subject: ZnO
  topic: keywords
creator: Aqilah Kamaruzaman
creator: Nurul Akmal Che Lah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aqilah Kamaruzaman, Nurul Akmal Che Lah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-12
publication date: 2025-10-12
doi: 10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-03

Development of a health risk management framework in workplaces handling nanomaterials using multi-criteria decision-making methods
type: item
description: This study developed a comprehensive framework for assessing and managing health risks of manufactured nanomaterials (MNM) in workplaces. The approach combined control banding with multi-criteria decision-making, informed by expert input and a literature review on MNM hazards. A three-layered risk assessment was applied: hazard banding using the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for five toxic endpoints, exposure banding based on MNM physical state, manufacturing processes, and working conditions (yielding four bands), and integration via control banding to classify risk into five levels. These layers complement each other to enhance accuracy. Control measures were identified and evaluated using a General Technique for Evaluating Control Measures (GTECM), scoring effectiveness, cost, and feasibility, with acceptable inter-rater reliability. The framework was implemented as an online tool to support practical application in Iranian nanotechnology workplaces. Field testing in selected facilities demonstrated its usability and consistency. By systematically integrating hazard, exposure, and control data, the framework supports informed decision-making for occupational health and safety managers. It aims to strengthen risk management practices and promote safer handling of MNMs, contributing to improved workplace health in Iran’s growing nanotechnology sector.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Health risk
  topic: keywords
subject: Multi-criteria decision making
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanomaterials
  topic: keywords
subject: Occupational exposure
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk management
  topic: keywords
creator: Seyed Husein Naziri
creator: Mostafa Pouyakian
creator: Sedigheh Sadegh Hassani
creator: Pegah Safdari
creator: Somayeh Farhang Dehghan
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Seyed Husein Naziri, Mostafa Pouyakian, Sedigheh Sadegh Hassani, Pegah Safdari, Somayeh Farhang Dehghan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-11-22
publication date: 2025-11-22
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.08

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical industrial effluent using TiO₂ and N-Doped TiO₂ nanoparticles under natural sunlight: A comparative study
type: item
description: Despite the rapid growth of pharmaceutical industries to meet rising demand, untreated or poorly treated wastewater continues to contaminate water bodies, posing serious risks to ecosystems and human health. Conventional treatment methods often fall short in effectively addressing these complex and persistent pollutants. In this context, nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates for advanced water purification. This study presents a novel approach by employing TiO2 and nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) nanoparticles, synthesized via a simple and scalable sol-gel method, for the treatment of actual pharmaceutical industrial effluent under natural sunlight, a cost-effective and sustainable condition rarely explored in previous works. The synthesized photocatalysts were thoroughly characterized using UV, XRD, SEM, FTIR, and EDX analyses. Unlike most previous studies focused on model pollutants, this work directly addresses the degradation of real pharmaceutical wastewater by combining adsorption and photocatalysis. Higher adsorption efficiencies were observed for N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (43.77%) compared to TiO2 (21.34%) after 2 hours. Photocatalytic treatment further enhanced the degradation to 57% (N-TiO2) and 22% (TiO2) after 3 hours under natural sunlight. The study demonstrates the potential of N-TiO2 as an efficient, sunlight-driven photocatalyst for practical wastewater treatment applications, highlighting its novelty and real-world applicability.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Adsorption
  topic: keywords
subject: Doped nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Kinetics
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical effluent
  topic: keywords
subject: Photocatalysis
  topic: keywords
subject: TiO2
  topic: keywords
subject: Wastewater treatment
  topic: keywords
creator: Neha Mallika Gurramkonda
creator: Bala Narsaiah Tumma
creator: Lakshmana Naik Ramavathu
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Neha Mallika Gurramkonda, Bala Narsaiah Tumma, Lakshmana Naik Ramavathu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.07

The capability of pure and metal-encapsulated all boron fullerenes (B40) as nanocarriers for β-Lapachone anticancer drug delivery: DFT study
type: item
description: This work employs density functional theory (DFT) to explore the interactions between the anticancer agent β‑Lapachone (β‑Lap) and pristine B40 fullerenes as well as their potassium- and magnesium-encapsulated counterparts (K@B40 and Mg@B40). The results reveal significant interactions affecting the electronic structures of these molecules, with stable complexes formed and a notable reduction in energy gaps, indicating effective β-Lap adsorption. The β-Lap drug exhibits stronger binding to metal-encapsulated fullerenes than to pristine B40 in both aqueous and gas environments, with binding energies in water of approximately -5.2 kcal/mol for B40, -82.9 KCal/mol for Mg@B40, and -55.7 KCal/mol for K@B40. In aqueous media, the dipole moments of encapsulated complexes rise to nearly twice their gas-phase values. To complement the electronic structure insights, we employ Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) to study the electron densities and their Laplacians, and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis to evaluate donor–acceptor interactions and charge redistribution within these complexes. Despite the strong adsorption energies, the interaction weakens in acidic conditions, facilitating drug release. These findings suggest that B40 and its metal-encapsulated derivatives are promising nanocarriers for β-Lap delivery, combining strong binding with controlled release potential in biological environments.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Adsorption
  topic: keywords
subject: All boron fullerene
  topic: keywords
subject: β-Lapachone
  topic: keywords
subject: DFT calculation
  topic: keywords
subject: Metal encapsulation
  topic: keywords
creator: Mercedeh Hemmatian
creator: Sharieh Hosseini
creator: Hakimeh Ziyadi
creator: Ehsan Shakerzadeh
creator: Marjan Jebeli Javan
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Mercedeh Hemmatian, Sharieh Hosseini, Hakimeh Ziyadi, Ehsan Shakerzadeh, Marjan Jebeli Javan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.06

A novel hazelnut shell/magnetite bio-nanoadsorbents for enhanced oil removal from oil-contaminated waters
type: item
description: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using hazelnut shells as a biosorbent for the cleanup of oil and petroleum product spills in water bodies. The effects bioadsorbent, nanoparticle concentrations, oil concentration, temperature (10-4000C), and pH on oil adsorption were investigated to determine the optimal conditions for maximum purification efficiency. The highest oil removal efficiency achieved with the biosorbent was 61.25% at a pH of 7.5. To enhance the sorption capacity of the biosorbents were synthesized by incorporating Fe₃O₄ superparamagnetic nanoparticles at concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%. Characterization of both the biosorbents was conducted using SEM, TGA, and FTIR analyses to assess the interaction between Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and the plant-derived surface of the biosorbent. For an adsorbent such as hazelnut shell+Fe₃O₄ bio-nanoadsorbent, the pHzpc indicates the point at which the surface of the bio-nanoadsorbent changes from negatively charged to positively charged as the pH of the solution increases or decreases. The zero-charge pH point of the bio-nanoasorbent was determined to be pH=8 by Boehm titration. The optimal adsorption conditions for the bio-nanosorbent, composed of hazelnut shell and 10% Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, were found to be 92.5% oil removal within 12 minutes at a pH of 7.5.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Adsorption
  topic: keywords
subject: Bio-nanoadsorbent
  topic: keywords
subject: Biosorbent
  topic: keywords
subject: Hazelnut shell
  topic: keywords
subject: Oil and oil products
  topic: keywords
subject: Superparamagnetic nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
creator: Ulkar Nuru Naghiyeva
creator: Sevinc Rafik Hajiyeva
creator: Flora Vidadi Hajiyeva
creator: Luca di Palma
creator: Irene Bavasso
creator: Maria Paola Bracciale
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Ulkar Nuru Naghiyeva, Sevinc Rafik Hajiyeva, Flora Vidadi Hajiyeva, Luca di Palma, Irene Bavasso, Maria Paola Bracciale (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.05

Leveraging the therapeutic role of nanotechnology in Osteoporosis management: Current progress and perspectives
type: item
description: Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone degenerative disease, wherein progressive deterioration of microarchitecture of bones make them porous, fragile and brittle leading to bone hollowing. OP is characterized by decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) wherein spine, shoulder, hip, wrist bones are more prone to fracture risks that causes high morbidity and socio-economic burden. This necessitates early diagnosis of OP and prediction of fragility fracture risk. Conventional diagnostic methods, include Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), do not give accurate predictions of risk of fractures as minor changes in bone structure are often overlooked. The fact that most fractures occur at non-osteoporotic BMD values, despite the operative diagnosis being based on BMD, is an obstacle in management of OP. With the advent of artificial intelligence, a series of reports suggest deep learning applications in screening and diagnosis of OP. Deep learning methods can emerge as a promising method for detection and diagnosis of osteoporotic fractures via machine learning (ML). The ever-expanding field of nanotechnology has witnessed rapid development of its potential application for OP treatment. While traditional therapies for OP are effective, their use are severely limited due to reduced bioavailability, non-specific distribution coupled with adverse effects. Nanotherapeutics have emerged as a promising approach for managing OP. The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles include tunable surface characteristics, ultra-small size, high surface-to-volume ratio that empower them to overcome the confines of traditional therapies. Nanotechnology applications in OP therapeutics are still in the early phases, with more research needed to fully uncover its potential.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Biomaterial scaffolds
  topic: keywords
subject: Bone mineral density
  topic: keywords
subject: Bone regeneration
  topic: keywords
subject: Machine learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanotechnology
  topic: keywords
subject: Osteoporosis (OP)
  topic: keywords
creator: Mansi Malik
creator: Pooja Yadav
creator: Kapil Dangi
creator: Anita Kamra Verma
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Mansi Malik, Pooja Yadav, Kapil Dangi, Anita Kamra Verma (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.01

DFT study of HCl the clusters under nano confinement of Carbon Fullerenes
type: item
description: This report reveals the geometry, vibrational properties, and molecular orbitals with HOMO-LUMO energies of HCl clusters (HCl)n=1-2 under the confinement of carbon fullerenes CN=42-52 at B3LYP level with basis set 6-311++g(d,p). Due to the effect of the H-bond network, the variation in bond length is observed relative to the variation of diameter of carbon fullerenes from C42 to C52. Unexpectedly, the high intermolecular stretching mode (3403.96 cm-1) is observed for a shorter bond length (H-Cl =1.234 A0) under C46. The confined HCl under C52 results in high intensity (57.75 units) for stretching mode 2859.36 cm-1 with high polarity prediction but on the other hand confined HCl dimer under C44 shows the highest stretching mode in the frequency range 3000 cm-1 with compressed bond length (H-Cl=1.254 A0) which acts as an unsaturated system. For HCl, under the confinement of C52, the bond length increases up to 1.292 A0 which is quite greater than the experimental value of free HCl (1.275 A0). Exclusively the band gap energies of both the clusters (HCl)n=1-2 are also considered to study H-bond connectivity with carbon atoms by using their (HOMO-LUMO).
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Carbon fullerenes
  topic: keywords
subject: DFT
  topic: keywords
subject: Hydrogen-bond network
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular Dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular Orbitals
  topic: keywords
creator: Aruna Thaker
creator: Arwa Makki
creator: Dina Hajar
creator: Pradip Sarawade
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Aruna Thaker, Arwa Makki, Dina Hajar, Pradip Sarawade (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.04

Endophytic nanoparticles: Promising growth promoter, modulate biochemical constitutes in Vigna radiata seedlings, and antifungal activity
type: item
description: Over the years, nanotechnology has been utilized in the agricultural sector for sustainable production. The application of endophytes-mediated silver nanoparticles is gaining momentum in various sectors including agriculture. This current study aims to evaluate the impact of endophytic bacteria-mediated silver nanoparticles in promoting plant growth and improving biochemical constituents in Vigna radiata by using the nanopriming method. Bacillus cereus isolated from the flower of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis was identified and utilized for silver nanoparticles synthesis, this is called Bacillus cereus silver nanoparticles (BC-AgNPs). Synthesis of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by colour change and characterization by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FESEM, FTIR, DLS, and EDAX. Seeds of Vigna radiata were treated with different concentrations (1ppm, 2.5ppm, 5ppm and 10ppm) of BC-AgNPs. Plant growth was enhanced at a concentration of 5 ppm of BC-AgNPs. In addition, an increase in photosynthetic pigments, protein, and carbohydrate was observed in the nanoprimed seedlings when compared to that of the control. Also, the ability of the synthesized particles to inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi Penicillium janthinellum was examined. The results suggest that silver nanoparticles synthesized via endophytic bacteria can be utilized as dual-function agent in sustainable agriculture – both as a plant growth enhancer and as a biocontrol agent.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Bacillus cereus
  topic: keywords
subject: Biochemical constituents
  topic: keywords
subject: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanopriminig
  topic: keywords
subject: Phytopathogens
  topic: keywords
subject: Silver nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Vigna radiata
  topic: keywords
creator: Love Edet Mendie
creator: Hemalatha Srinivasan
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Love Edet Mendie, Hemalatha Srinivasan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.03

Recent advances in employing nanoemulsions in food science: An update
type: item
description: Recent advancements in nanoemulsion technology have profoundly influenced the food industry, providing innovative approaches to enhance food product quality, stability, and functionality. Nanoemulsions (20–200 nm) exhibit distinct physicochemical characteristics, such as a large surface area, controlled release of bioactive compounds, high loading capacity, improved bioavailability, and biphasic behavior. This review explores the latest developments in nanoemulsion types, their components, and their applications across various food sectors, focusing on the properties they confer to food products and packaging systems. Particular attention is given to their ability to improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble nutrients, stabilize food formulations, and integrate natural preservatives to extend shelf life. The article also examines emerging trends, including the use of eco-friendly surfactants, encapsulation of plant-based bioactives, antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids, and their potential to enhance functional and fortified food products. Our review demonstrates that nanoemulsions significantly improve nutrient delivery, extending the shelf life of food products, and enhancing sensory characteristics. Furthermore, they offer promising avenues for sustainable packaging solutions. However, challenges related to long-term stability, regulatory approval, and consumer perception remain critical areas for future research. Furthermore, challenges like scalability, regulatory hurdles, and consumer acceptance are addressed. Based on this review, a comprehensive update on the current state of nanoemulsions in food science is essential, with a focus on establishing and refining specific standards to align with industry needs for healthier, safer, and more sustainable food systems.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Biomaterial
  topic: keywords
subject: Food matrix
  topic: keywords
subject: Food packaging
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoemulsion
  topic: keywords
subject: Polymer
  topic: keywords
subject: Shelf life
  topic: keywords
creator: Tugba Ozdal
creator: Hamed Ahari
creator: Kianoush Khosravi-Darani
creator: Sima Moradi
creator: Zahra Goudarzi
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Tugba Ozdal, Hamed Ahari, Kianoush Khosravi-Darani, Sima Moradi, Zahra Goudarzi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2026.1701.02

https://oiccpress.com/ijnd/article/view/16993
type: item
title: Author Correction: Utilize polypropylene-titanium dioxide nano-composite, graphene oxide-chitosan-bentonite nano-absorbent, and straw to remove petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic environments aggressively.
description: Correction to: Utilize polypropylene-titanium dioxide nano-composite, graphene oxide-chitosan-bentonite nano-absorbent, and straw to remove petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic environments aggressively. Azad Zarabadi, S., Rahnavard*, A., Fahimi, F.G., Saeb, K. Published in International Nano Dimension, Volume 14, Issue 2, Article 14, 2025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1602.14 In the originally published version of this article, the affiliation for the following authors were incorrect: Shahram Azad Zarabadi Aptin Rahnavard Farid Gholamreza Fahimi Keyvan Saeb Affiliation was originally listed as: Department of Medicinal Plants, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran The correct affiliation for all four authors is: Correct Affiliation – Department of Environment, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic AzadUniversity, Tonekabon, Iran This has now been corrected in both the online article webpage and the PDF version of the article. The authors regret the oversight.
subject: Corrections
  topic: section
subject: Author Correction
  topic: keywords
creator: Shahram Azad Zarabadi
creator: Aptin Rahnavard
creator: Farid Gholamreza Fahimi
creator: Keyvan Saeb
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Shahram Azad Zarabadi, Aptin Rahnavard, Farid Gholamreza Fahimi, Keyvan Saeb (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-07-09
publication date: 2025-07-09
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1602.14-correction

DFT assessments on a Chitosan-modified nanocone scaffold for the adsorption of ciclopirox antifungal drug to provide insights into the engineering a potential nano-based drug delivery platform
type: item
description: This work was done by the benefit of employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations for assessing a chitosan-modified nanocone scaffold (S) for the adsorption of ciclopirox antifungal drug (D) to provide insights into the engineering a potential nano-based drug delivery platform by the formation of DS complexes. Two scaffolds were prepared; S1 and S2, and three complexes were obtained for each scaffold by the adsorption of D substance yielding DS11, DS12, and DS13 for S1 and DS21, DS22, and DS23 for S2. The strength of DS2 complexes were found higher than DS1 complexes, in which DS11 and DS21 were the strongest ones in each category. Regarding the evaluation of electronic features, small changes were found for the frontier molecular orbital levels of models and their related features. As a result, formations of DS complexes were found suitable for approaching the main goal of this work by obtaining suitable strengths for the complex systems. Hence, the existence of non-covalent interactions between the adsorbate and adsorbent counterparts and obtaining remarkable electronic features actually approved the applicability of employing S1 and S2 for adsorbing the specific D substance for investigating further developments of nano-based delivery of ciclopirox antifungal drug.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Adsorption
  topic: keywords
subject: Computational assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug interaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanomedicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanostructure
  topic: keywords
creator: Chou-Yi Hsu
creator: Radhwan Abdul Kareem
creator: Oybek Ruziyev
creator: Afet Mastan Jafarova
creator: Mahmoud Mirzaei
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Chou-Yi Hsu, Radhwan Abdul Kareem, Oybek Ruziyev, Afet Mastan Jafarova, Mahmoud Mirzaei (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.32

A novel approach for oral delivery of ZINC using Zinc Sulfate solid lipid nanoparticles
type: item
description: One potential tool to improve the absorption of zinc (Zn) is the use of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). In this study, Zn-containing SLNs were prepared to explore a novel oral formulation and investigate its physicochemical properties, toxicity, and accelerated stability study. SLNs were fabricated using stearic acid as lipid and chitosan as coating for LNPs via double emulsion solvent evaporation followed by lyophilization. In vitro evaluations were performed before and after lyophilization. Zinc loading was optimized at 30% zinc (w/w) versus lipid, with drug loading efficiency (DL) of up to 90%. The physicochemical properties of Zn-SLNs, including particle size (from 83.7 ± 1.8 to 183.8 ± 5.0 nm), dispersion index (PDI), zeta potential (about 8.2 mV), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), were investigated. Morphological characteristics were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Drug release studies showed that 75%, 83%, and 90% of zinc were released from the SLN-Zn-Chitosan formulation within 24 hours, respectively. A cytotoxicity assay (MTT) performed at 24, 48, and 72 hours showed no cytotoxic potential with cell viability at 100% of control cells. The accelerated stability study to evaluate particle size, zeta potential, and drug loading (%EE) at 6 months showed no significant changes, which could indicate the suitability of Zn-SLNs for oral applications.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Chitosan
  topic: keywords
subject: MTT
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Solid lipid nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Zinc sulfate
  topic: keywords
creator: Zahra Inanloo
creator: Mohammad Yousefi
creator: Sahar Baniyaghoob
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Zahra Inanloo, Mohammad Yousefi, Sahar Baniyaghoob (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-28
publication date: 2025-05-28
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.28

Optimizing thermal efficiency: A Study on parabolic trough solar collector performance with nanofluids and fin designs
type: item
description: This study comprehensively explores the application of thermal nanofluids in enhancing the performance of solar parabolic trough collectors through advanced computational modeling techniques. Specifically, the research employs the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model to investigate heat transfer dynamics, focusing on the interplay between fluid flow characteristics and thermal energy distribution. The analysis examines the influence of varying porous fin heights on the flow structure and heat transfer behavior under a wide range of Reynolds numbers (40,000–450,000) and a fixed Prandtl number of 0.7. Key results indicate that increasing the height of the porous fins significantly improves the overall heat transfer efficiency, as evidenced by an enhancement in the Nusselt number. Additionally, the findings reveal a corresponding increase in the tube friction coefficient, which is essential for understanding the trade-offs between thermal performance and flow resistance. These insights underscore the potential of optimized fin geometries and nanofluid applications in advancing the efficiency of solar thermal power systems.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Friction coefficient
  topic: keywords
subject: Heat transfer
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanofluid
  topic: keywords
subject: Nusselt number
  topic: keywords
subject: Reynolds number
  topic: keywords
subject: Numerical simulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Solar parabolic collectors
  topic: keywords
creator: Mostafa Jamali
creator: Najmeh Hajialigol
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Mostafa Jamali, Najmeh Hajialigol (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-17
publication date: 2025-05-17
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.31

Evaluation of the catalytic and in-vitro anticancer potential of Gold nanoparticles synthesized using clammy cherry (Cordia Obliqua Willd)
type: item
description: The synthesis of metal nanoparticles using environmentally friendly materials like fruit extracts offers the benefits of eco-friendliness and compatibility for pharmaceutical and other biomedical applications. The phytogenic synthesis can be conducted at convenient ease under microwave exposure. Here, through a microwave-assisted, fast, and cost-effective approach, monodispersed, spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with outstanding catalytic efficiency and anticancer activity were successfully synthesized using the extract of clammy cherry (Cordia Obliqua Willd) fruit. UV-Visible spectroscopic analysis, SEM, and HRTEM analysis have been used to characterize the prepared AuNPs. The electronic spectrum investigations have revealed that the MW power, length of exposure, gold ion concentration, and content of the cherry extract had a substantial impact on the rate of production, size, and surface plasmon absorption of AuNPs. According to TEM examinations, AuNPs are crystalline and spherical in shape, with a mean size of 11.7 nm. Anticancer activity of the stabilized AuNPs studied against Dalton's lymphoma Ascites cells confirmed that the stabilized AuNPs were highly effective for the apoptosis of cancer cells selectively. Furthermore, the AuNPs' catalytic efficiency in reducing hazardous organic pollutants viz. methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), and methyl red (MR), 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), with borohydride-aided reduction proved appealing for environmental pollution remediation applications.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Anticancer activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Catalysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Green synthesis
  topic: keywords
subject: Gold nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Methyl orange
  topic: keywords
subject: Microwave
  topic: keywords
subject: Nitrophenol
  topic: keywords
subject: Reduction
  topic: keywords
creator: Anjaly Mathew
creator: Aswathy Jayaprakash
creator: Aneetha Mundakassery Ratnamma
creator: Sandhya Paleri Veetil
creator: Zeena Pallimittath Hamza
creator: Amrutha Sivarajan
creator: Rejimon Pooppanathara Kochappan
creator: Ramla Kudukkil Thahathuveettil
creator: Jasmin Jose
creator: Kavitha Jacob
creator: Femina Kanjirathamthadathil Saidu
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Anjaly Mathew, Aswathy Jayaprakash, Aneetha Mundakassery Ratnamma, Sandhya Paleri Veetil, Zeena Pallimittath Hamza, Amrutha Sivarajan, Rejimon Pooppanathara Kochappan, Ramla Kudukkil Thahathuveettil, Jasmin Jose, Kavitha Jacob, Femina Kanjirathamthadathil Saidu (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-17
publication date: 2025-05-17
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.30

Synthesis, characterization of Graphene Oxide/ZnO/Al2O3 nanocomposite Aerogel and its electrochemical application
type: item
description: In this study, nanocomposite GO/ZnO/Al2O3 aerogels with different GO ratios (10, 30, and 50 %) were effectively prepared using a hydrothermal method and a modified Hummers method to prepare GOES. ZnO and Al2O3 NPs were synthesized from curcumin extract using a green synthesis method. Raman, XRD, EDX, FESEM and UV-Vis. Spectra were used to characterize the synthesized nanomaterials. The bandgap energies of GO, ZnO, Al2O3, and their nanocomposites were calculated from their UV spectra. The interaction between the components of the nanocomposite graphene oxide, zinc oxide and aluminum oxide give the nanocomposite photochemical importance owing to the large surface area of ​​the components, especially graphene oxide and zinc oxide, and the high electrical and thermal conductivities of the molecule. Improved electrochemical properties were achieved by fabricating dye-sensitized solar cells, composed of nano curcumin and methylene blue as sensitizers, GO/ZnO/Al2O3 nanocomposite aerogel as a photoanode to obtain a highly efficient cell at the lowest cost and copper as the counter electrode. The DSSC achieves the best performance at 0.36% and 50% GO content when methylene blue is used as a sensitizer to accelerate the excitation of electrons and generate current and voltage. The primary objective of this study is to develop dye-sensitized solar cells with maximum efficiency at minimum cost.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Electrochemical Application and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)
  topic: keywords
subject: FESEM
  topic: keywords
subject: Graphene Oxide
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanocomposite Aerogel
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanocurcumin
  topic: keywords
creator: Barakat Abdul-Fattah Kamil
creator: Dhia Hadi Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Barakat Abdul-Fattah Kamil, Dhia Hadi Hussain (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-17
publication date: 2025-05-17
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.29

Elucidating the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of tin-doped manganese Sulphide (TMS) nanomaterials
type: item
description: Tin-doped Manganese Sulphide (TMS) was created by utilizing green synthesis with grape juice. The prepared TMS nanomaterial underwent examinations with the X Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectral (UV), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopic (EDS), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The TMS material's structure was discovered by the XRD method to have a cubic structure, and the sample's particle size was calculated to be 22.651 nm. According to a SEM analysis, the sample contains particles that are somewhat agglomerated and have the shape of flowers. It has been determined from HRTEM and SAED tests that the nanoparticle is a single crystal. The EDS method was used to identify elements like Mn, S, and Sn. The band gap of TMS nanomaterial is estimated to be 3.42 eV by UV-visible spectral analysis and AFM investigation provides 2-d and 3-d pictures of the sample. According to VSM characterization, TMS nanomaterial is a type of paramagnetic material. The results of research using FTIR, thermal, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance to characterize tin-doped MnS (TMS) nanomaterial are evaluated.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Antibacterial activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Impedance
  topic: keywords
subject: Microscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: MnS
  topic: keywords
subject: Sn- doped
  topic: keywords
subject: Spectroscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: VSM
  topic: keywords
creator: Jeyamalar Krishnasamy
creator: Selvarajan Palanisamy
creator: Vella Durai Subbaiah Chelladurai
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Jeyamalar Krishnasamy, Selvarajan Palanisamy, Vella Durai Subbaiah Chelladurai (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-17
publication date: 2025-05-17
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.27

Feature-driven fruit classification using leveraging machine learning algorithms and nano semiconductor sensors
type: item
description: The proposed work compares machine learning algorithms for fruit classification using apples, mandarins, oranges, and lemons. The goal is to identify the most accurate and precision-score algorithm. To assemble a robust dataset, we purchased several dozen oranges, lemons, and apples of various subtypes and meticulously recorded their mass, width, height, and color score using nano semiconductor sensors. Using this recorded data statistical analysis is conducted for identifying the accurate fruit classification machine learning method. The accurate prediction rate is determined by subtracting the actual and anticipated values. K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) shows superior performance, achieving accuracies of 0.989, 0981 and 0.979 on training, validation and testing sets. The performance of the KNN algorithm combined with the W-H-CS feature combination technique is highly dependent on the choice of k and relevance of the selected features.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Classification algorithms
  topic: keywords
subject: Nano-scale Feature Detection
  topic: keywords
subject: Machine learning algorithms and statistical analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Nano-enabled Image Sensors
  topic: keywords
subject: Nano semiconductor sensors
  topic: keywords
creator: Venkateswarlu Gundu
creator: Krishna Kumba
creator: Sishaj P Simon
creator: Parusharamulu Buduma
creator: Mithu Sarkar
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Venkateswarlu Gundu, Krishna Kumba, Sishaj P Simon, Parusharamulu Buduma, Mithu Sarkar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-17
publication date: 2025-05-17
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.26

Drug nanocrystals: A review of their application in the topical treatment of skin infections
type: item
description: Drug nanocrystals, nano-sized delivery systems consisting of drug and stabilizers only, may be a valuable tool in the treatment of cutaneous infections, which remain a serious public health problem worldwide. This review aimed to compile scientific information published over the past 10 years on the topical use of nanocrystals for the treatment of cutaneous infections caused by fungi or bacteria (14 selected articles). Most articles synthesized nanocrystals by a top-down method, mainly the bead milling technique. After synthesis, nanocrystals were typically lyophilized and/or incorporated into a pharmaceutical formulation. The most used techniques for nanocrystal characterization were dynamic light scattering (particle size and polydispersity), electron microscopy (ultrastructural morphology) and high-performance liquid chromatography (solubility, dissolution, and drug release). A temperature of 4 °C was deemed optimal for storage. Several articles found that nanocrystals improved drug skin permeation and/or skin retention. Four articles conducted tests with fungi, nine articles with bacteria, and one article with fungi and bacteria, either in vitro or in vivo. In general, microbiological tests confirmed the greater effectiveness of nanocrystal formulations over conventional systems. The findings of this review demonstrate the potential of nanocrystals as safe and promising alternatives for the topical treatment of cutaneous infections caused by fungi or bacteria.
subject: Review Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bacteria
  topic: keywords
subject: Cutaneous
  topic: keywords
subject: Fungi
  topic: keywords
subject: Infection
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanocrystals
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanotechnology
  topic: keywords
subject: Skin
  topic: keywords
creator: Poliana de Avila Felix Duarte
creator: Francielli Lima dos Santos
creator: Irene Clemes Kulkamp Guerreiro
creator: Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
creator: Renata Vidor Contri
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Poliana de Avila Felix Duarte, Francielli Lima dos Santos, Irene Clemes Kulkamp Guerreiro (Author); Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria (Translator); Renata Vidor Contri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-05-17
publication date: 2025-05-17
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1604.25

Effect of reinforcements, temperature and defect on mechanical properties of aluminum nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanotube and graphene: A molecular dynamics study
type: item
description: Numerous industries widely utilize aluminum metal because of its excellent properties. Therefore, enhancing the strength and tensile strength of aluminum holds significant importance. In this study, molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the effect of increasing the number of graphene nanosheets and carbon nanotubes with defects and without defects in the aluminum matrix under different temperatures. The simulation results show that by adding the number of reinforcements (1 to 4) to the aluminum matrix, the Young's modulus of the nanocomposites improved for graphene nanosheets (88 to 252 GPa) and carbon nanotubes (79 to 138 GPa). Also, the presence of defects in graphene nanosheets and carbon nanotubes reduces Young's modulus and tensile strength of aluminum nanocomposites. In addition, as the temperature of nanocomposites increased (250 to 500 ͦ K), the tensile strength and Young's modulus decreased. The results of this study provide a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties and behavior of aluminum nanocomposites reinforced with several graphene nanoplates and carbon nanotubes.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Aluminum nanocomposites
  topic: keywords
subject: Carbon nanotubes
  topic: keywords
subject: Defects
  topic: keywords
subject: Graphene
  topic: keywords
subject: Mechanical properties
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanocomposites
  topic: keywords
creator: Wijdan Qahtan Farhan Al-Humairi
creator: Samrand Rash-Ahmadi
creator: Mortaza Khalilian
rights: Copyright (c) -1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1603.24

Effects of chirality and functionalization of carbon nanotubes as nanocarriers on the adsorption of Lenalidomide anticancer drug: Insights from molecular dynamics simulation
type: item
description: In this study, the adsorption process of Lenalidomide (LEN) anticancer drug on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different chiralities was studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Chirality effects of CNTs (zigzag (10, 0), chiral (10,5) and armchair (10,10)), their functionalization with carboxylic functional groups and solubility were investigated. Results showed that the interaction strength of LEN/water molecules with CNTs and f-CNTs (carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxylic functional groups) was as a function of chirality. LEN molecules were considerably adsorbed on the f-CNT surface with (10, 10) chirality which was recognized via the most negative van der Waals (vdW) energy and the greatest number of atomic contacts (nAC). Moreover, the number of hydrogen bonds (nHBs) between f-CNT (10, 10) and solvent molecules was higher than for the other f-CNTs. The highest value of solvent accessible surface area (SASA) 45 nm2 for the f-CNT (10,10) compared with the other CNTs confirmed that armchair f-CNT had larger surface area accessible for interacting with the solvent. The functionalization of CNTs led to a decrease in solvation free energy (ΔGsol) and an increase in SASA which resulted in better solubility of f-CNTs in water. Based on the finding, f-CNTs were proposed highly efficient candidate for drug delivery.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Carbon nanotubes
  topic: keywords
subject: Chirality
  topic: keywords
subject: Drug delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: Lenalidomide drug
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular dynamic simulation
  topic: keywords
creator: Hamidreza Dehghan
creator: Yadollah Saghapour
creator: Arezoo Tahan
creator: Shiva Joohari
creator: Arezoo Ghadi
rights: Copyright (c) -1 Hamidreza Dehghan, Yadollah Saghapour, Arezoo Tahan, Shiva Joohari, Arezoo Ghadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1603.23

Improvement of digital and analog/RF performances of stacked gate oxide JLTFET using heterostructure and lightly doped drain
type: item
description: In this paper, a novel heterostructure stacked gate oxide junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (HS-SGO-JLTFET) with a lightly doped drain (LDD) region is proposed. The low band gap material (InAs) in the source region generates a stronger electric field in the source-channel junction, thereby increasing the ON current to 1.8×10-4 A/µm. Conversely, the lightly doped drain region near the channel end mitigates the electric field in the channel-drain junction, reducing the ambipolar current to 1.26×10-15 A/µm. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed device is analyzed with respect to analog/RF parameters. In this regard, the LDD-HS-SGO-JLTFET exhibits a smaller gate-to-drain capacitance (Cgd) of 0.14 fF, a larger transconductance (gm) of 840 µs, a higher cutoff frequency (fT) of 271 GHz, a bigger gain bandwidth product (GBWP) of 112 GHz, and a lower transit time ( ) of 6.55×10-13 s compared to the SGO-JLTFET. These improvements demonstrate that the proposed device is highly suitable for low-power and high-frequency applications.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Ambipolar Current
  topic: keywords
subject: Heterostructure
  topic: keywords
subject: Junctionless Tunnel Field Effect Transistor
  topic: keywords
subject: Lightly Doped Drain
  topic: keywords
subject: ON Current
  topic: keywords
subject: Stacked Gate Oxide
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Pourahmadi
creator: Hosein Alavi-Rad
rights: Copyright (c) -1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1603.22

Design and simulation of concentrator plasmonic nanostructure optical antenna to improve the performance of Li-Fi communication technology
type: item
description: The use of Li-Fi for the next generations of Internet of Things (IoT) and 6G networks can be very effective. Optical antennas (OAs) can generate a greater optical gain and a wider field of view (FoV). Therefore, they are very efficient in visible light communication (VLC). In this paper, we have studied a concentrator plasmonic nanostructured optical antenna that works in the visible wavelength. For this purpose, the impact of the shape and size of the plasmonic nanostructure was explored to enhance gain and improve the focusing of the optical antenna toward the detector's small surface. To increase the gain and improve the performance of the antenna, periodic nanostructures of comb teeth with varying sharpness and slope have been employed. The plasmonic nanostructures near the luminescent dielectric layer have formed a powerful electromagnetic field resonator and have increased the power up to three times in the optimal state. Moreover, the newly implemented optimal design has demonstrated an expanded FoV range. Consequently, this optical antenna has created a high data transmission rate by increasing the light cocentration.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Internet of Things (IoT)
  topic: keywords
subject: Li-Fi technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Luminescent organic semiconductors
  topic: keywords
subject: Optical nanoantennas
  topic: keywords
subject: Surface plasmonic resonance
  topic: keywords
creator: Shabnam Andalibi Miandoab
creator: Sarbast Saleem Hars
rights: Copyright (c) -1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1603.21

Green-synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles with pyrogallol functionalization: A novel approach using cowdung extract for anticancer applications
type: item
description: Growing interest has been shown in the environment friendly synthesis of metal nanoparticles, yet no published research exists on synthesizing titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) using cow dung extract (CD). In this manuscript, we synthesized TiO2NPs using CD extract (CD-TiO2) and functionalized them with pyrogallol (P-CD-TiO2). The physicochemical characteristics of the TiO2NPs were evaluated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The qualitative analysis of CD extract and biological activities of CD-TiO2 and P-CD-TiO2 were evaluated. The potential anticancer activity was examined in vitro against Hep3B using the MTT assay. The hydrodynamic size of CD-TiO2 and P-CD-TiO2NPs were 147.9nm and 183.4nm, respectively. The CD-TiO2 and P-CD-TiO2 were spherical in shape, with an average size ranging from 32nm to 48nm. CD-TiO2 and P-CD-TiO2 showed anti-hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity, and significant cytotoxicity against Hep3B cells. The IC50 of CD-TiO2 was 379.9 μg/mL, while P-CD-TiO2 showed a significantly higher cytotoxic with an IC50 of 31.98 μg/mL. The results revealed that CD extract is effective reducing agents for TiO2 nanoparticles synthesis. Notably, the green-synthesized P-CD-TiO2NPs exhibited promising anticancer potential in concentration-dependent manner while being safe for red blood cells.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Cow dung
  topic: keywords
subject: Green synthesis
  topic: keywords
subject: Hepatocellular carcinoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
subject: Pyrogallol
  topic: keywords
subject: Titanium dioxide
  topic: keywords
creator: Sancharan Acharya
creator: Akanksha Behera
creator: Aswathy CS
creator: Sujatha Venugopal
creator: Ramesh Thiyagarajan
creator: Thirunavukkarasu Chinnasamy
rights: Copyright (c) -1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-01
publication date: 2025-06-01
doi: 10.57647/j.ijnd.2025.1603.17