OICC Press International Journal of Nano Dimension 2228-5059 15 3 (July 2024) 2024 06 15 Nanotechnology advancements transforming molecular diagnostics: Applications in precision healthcare 10.57647/j.ijnd.2024.1503.18 EN Raffaele Conte National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Via Pietro Castellino, 111 Naples, Italy 0000-0002-6266-4991 Roberta Foggia AMES Group, Via Padre Carmine Fico, 24 Casalnuovo di Napoli, Naples, Italy 0009-0008-3690-2897 Anna Valentino National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Via Pietro Castellino, 111 Naples, Italy 0000-0001-8041-2221 Anna Di Salle National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Via Pietro Castellino, 111 Naples, Italy 0000-0001-6763-3636 Fahd Kandsi Université Mohammed Premier, BV Mohammed VI B.P. 524 Oujda, Maroc 0000-0003-2696-1734 Anna Calarco National Research Council - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems. Via Pietro Castellino, 111 Naples, Italy 0000-0002-1441-7662 Journal Article 2024 06 15   Nanotechnology's impact on diagnostics is transformative, introducing cutting-edge tools that operate at the nanoscale, thereby revolutionizing clinical laboratory procedures. The development of nanoscale sensors, imaging agents, and other diagnostic tools has significantly elevated the sensitivity, precision, and efficiency of diagnostic processes. Indeed, engineered sensors that utilize nanomaterials (size < 100 nm) can detect minute biomarkers, allowing for early disease detection. Additionally, nanotechnology's integration with molecular diagnostics creates a synergistic effect, expediting diagnostic procedures and advancing personalized medicine. This convergence facilitates tailored treatments based on individual genetic and molecular profiles, optimizing therapeutic interventions. This review focuses on the application of these technologies in the clinical laboratory setting, analyzing the interrelationships of nanotechnology and molecular diagnostics. As these cutting-edge technologies continue to advance, they hold the potential to redefine the standard of care, ultimately contributing to a future world where healthcare is not only more sophisticated but also patient-centric and optimized for individual needs.