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<Article>
<Journal>
<PublisherName>OICC Press</PublisherName>
<JournalTitle>International Journal of Nano Dimension</JournalTitle>
<Issn>2228-5059</Issn>
<Volume>17</Volume>
<Issue>2</Issue>
<PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
<Year>2026</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
</PubDate>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Green synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane scaffolds as valuable biological materials catalyzed by Fe3O4/SiO2/PPA as a magnetic nanocatalyst </ArticleTitle>
<VernacularTitle></VernacularTitle>
<FirstPage></FirstPage>
<LastPage></LastPage>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi">10.57647/ijnd-2026-1702-07</ELocationID>
<Language>EN</Language>
<AuthorList>
<Author>
<FirstName>Fatemeh</FirstName>
<LastName>Chaltash</LastName>
<Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Am.c., Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran</Affiliation>
<Identifier Source="ORCID"></Identifier>
</Author>
<Author>
<FirstName>Seyed Mohammad</FirstName>
<LastName>Vahdat</LastName>
<Affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Am.c., Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran</Affiliation>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7150-9128</Identifier>
</Author>
<Author>
<FirstName>Roberto</FirstName>
<LastName>Acevedo</LastName>
<Affiliation>Universidad San Sebastián; Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño (FIAD); Bellavista 7. 8420524. Santiago. Chile</Affiliation>
<Identifier Source="ORCID"></Identifier>
</Author>
<Author>
<FirstName>Soheila</FirstName>
<LastName>Ghanbari</LastName>
<Affiliation>Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran</Affiliation>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4756-8356</Identifier>
</Author>
<Author>
<FirstName>Mohammad</FirstName>
<LastName>Qandalee</LastName>
<Affiliation>Department of Basic Sciences, Ga.C. Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran</Affiliation>
<Identifier Source="ORCID"></Identifier>
</Author>
<Author>
<FirstName>Carlos</FirstName>
<LastName>J. Durán-Valle</LastName>
<Affiliation>ACYS, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain</Affiliation>
<Identifier Source="ORCID"></Identifier>
</Author>
<Author>
<FirstName>Ignacio</FirstName>
<LastName>M. Lopez-Coca</LastName>
<Affiliation>INTERRA, School of Technology, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, 10003, Spain</Affiliation>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-4495</Identifier>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<PublicationType>Journal Article</PublicationType>
<History>
<PubDate PubStatus="received">
<Year>2026</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
</PubDate>
</History>
<Abstract>This study applied Fe3O4/SiO2/PPA magnetic nanocatalyst as a solid acid catalyst to produce bis(indolyl)methane derivatives (BIMs) under solvent-free conditions and at 50Oc. FTIR, XRD, EDX, FESEM, HRTEM, and BET were used for structure confirmation. The catalyst was environmentally friendly, heterogeneous, and recyclable without loss of catalytic activity. Also, this catalyst had high efficiency for the synthesis of bis(indolyl) methanes and the reaction products were obtained quickly. The synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes from the reaction between indole derivatives and aldehydes has been carried out in short reaction times (5-30 min) with good to excellent yields (65-96%) using 50 mg of magnetic nanocatalyst at solvent-free conditions.</Abstract>
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<Object Type="keyword">
<Param Name="value">Biological materials</Param>
</Object>
<Object Type="keyword">
<Param Name="value">Bis(indolyl)methanes</Param>
</Object>
<Object Type="keyword">
<Param Name="value">Fe3O4/SiO2/PPA</Param>
</Object>
<Object Type="keyword">
<Param Name="value">Indole</Param>
</Object>
<Object Type="keyword">
<Param Name="value">Magnetic nanocatalyst</Param>
</Object>
<Object Type="keyword">
<Param Name="value">Solvent free</Param>
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