OICC Press International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering 2251-6832 12 1 (March 2021) 2020 10 06 Assessment of potential groundwater contamination by ground source heat pump operation using solute transport models 10.1007/s40095-020-00360-2 EN Shigeoki Moritani Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori, JP Hirotaka Saito Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, JP Pyone Win Win Land Management Group, Murdoch University, Perth, AU Yuji Kohgo Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, JP Journal Article 2020 10 06 Abstract Globally, over the past few decades, there has been a rapid increase in the use of ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems for heating and cooling purposes. Although these systems are more energy efficient than conventional air source heat pump systems, their association with potential groundwater contamination risks, e.g., the leakage of heat exchanger fluids like glycol, is a major concern. In this study, HYDRUS software was used to simulate the transportation of fluids from such systems into an aquifer. To better understand the transport environment, a geological survey was conducted and a > 50 m deep observation well was dug close to the GSHP installation site. To determine the physical properties of the soil, core samples were collected and analyzed; to determine the flow rate of the groundwater as well as the hydrological properties of the aquifer, measurements were conducted using a velocimeter that was installed in the borehole of the observation well. A laboratory column containing aquifer soil was used to determine drainage breakthrough curves. The hydrological parameters of the soil and the solute were used for the simulation under a virtual groundwater environment. The flow of groundwater resulted in the dispersion of the contaminant from its source, and its concentration was significantly reduced owing to degradation presumedly by biological activity. Additionally, two methods for the elimination of the contaminant from aquifers (enforced biodegradation and decontamination by pumping) were identified.